Thomisidae: Xysticus C. L. Koch, 1835

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1
Males

  2  

- Females

  22  

2
(1)
Median bulbal apophysis T-shaped; ventral tibial apophysis broadly truncated

  3  

- Different

  5  

3
(2)

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Tip of embolus broad, flanked by 2 wing-like structures which are transparent distally

Xysticus macedonicus Šilhavý, 1944

female

- Embolic tip different

  4  

4
(3)

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cp

Basal part of T-shaped bulbal apophysis longer than wide

Xysticus cristatus (Clerck, 1757)

female

-

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Basal part of T-shaped bulbal apophysis ± as long as wide

Xysticus audax (Schrank, 1803)

female

5
(2)
At least one bulbal apophysis robust, transverse to longitudinal bulbal axis, approx. 1/2 of bulbus width

  6  

- Different

  11  

6
(5)

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Median bulbal apophysis with 2 tips, arranged rectangularly

Xysticus luctator L. Koch, 1870

female

- Different

  7  

7
(6)

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Both bulbal apophyses ± parallel and equal in length, pointed

Xysticus bifasciatus C. L. Koch, 1837

female

- Bulbal apophysis different

  8  

8
(7)
Bulbus with two transverse apophysis

  9  

- Bulbus with one transverse apophysis

  10  

9
(8)

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Bulbal apophysis slightly bent toward each other, pliers-like

Xysticus kochi Thorell, 1872

female

-

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One bulbal apophysis hammer-shaped

Xysticus obscurus Collett, 1877

female

10
(8)

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Bulbal apophysis as fig.

Xysticus erraticus (Blackwall, 1834)

female

-

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Both bulbal apophyses pointing in opposite direction

Xysticus viduus Kulczyński, 1898

female

11
(5)
Bulbus medially with 2 short, robust apophyses, directing pliers-like toward each other

  12  

- Bulbus without such apophysis

  13  

12
(11)

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cp

Both pliers-like apophyses bent

Xysticus ulmi (Hahn, 1831)

female

-

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Only one of these apophyses bent

Xysticus lanio C. L. Koch, 1835

female

13
(11)

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cp

Tip of embolus strikingly broad and with transverse folds

Spiracme striatipes (L. Koch, 1870)

female

- Different

  14  

14
(13)
Lateral tibial apophysis with pointed ending

  15  

- Lateral tibial apophysis rounded

  19  

15
(14)

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cp

Tip of lateral tibial apophysis strikingly narrow and elongated

Xysticus lineatus (Westring, 1851)

female

- Different

  16  

16
(15)
Lateral tibial apophysis ± triangular

  17  

- Lateral tibial apophysis with ± parallel sides

  18  

17
(16)

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Ventral tibial apophysis with 2 distinctly separated processes

Xysticus kempeleni Thorell, 1872

female

-

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The two processes of ventral tibial apophysis basally merged

Xysticus luctuosus (Blackwall, 1836)

female

18
(16)

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Tip of lateral tibial apophysis directing ventrally; ventral tibial apophysis small

Xysticus acerbus Thorell, 1872

female

-

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Tip of lateral tibial apophysis directing dorsally; ventral tibial apophysis large and with several processes

Bassaniodes robustus (Hahn, 1832)

female

19
(14)
Cymbial process strikingly broad basally or bent

  20  

- Cymbial process small

  21  

20
(19)

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Cymbial process basally broad; tip of embolus thin, distally twisted

Psammitis bonneti (Denis, 1938)

female

-

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Cymbial process S-like bent; tip of embolus broad

Psammitis secedens (L. Koch, 1876)

female

21
(19)

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Lateral tibial apophysis basally wider than distally; tip of embolus bent

Psammitis sabulosa (Hahn, 1832)

female

-

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Lateral tibial apophysis with approx. parallel sides; tip of embolus straight

Psammitis ninnii (Thorell, 1872)

female

22
(1)
Epigyne with two grooves which are distinctly separated

  33  

- Epigyne with one groove

  23  

23
(22)
Distance between epigastric furrow and posterior margin of epigynal groove smaller or equal one diameter of epigynal groove

  24  

- Distance between epigastric furrow and posterior margin of epigynal groove 1.5-2 diameters of epigynal grooves

  31  

24
(23)
Epigynal groove medially indented on anterior margin

  25  

- Different

  26  

25
(24)

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Epigyne as fig.

Psammitis ninnii (Thorell, 1872)

male

-

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Epigyne as fig.

Xysticus viduus Kulczyński, 1898

male

26
(24)

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Epigynal groove posteriorly distinctly narrower than anteriorly

Xysticus luctuosus (Blackwall, 1836)

male

- Different

  27  

27
(26)
Epigynal groove ± quadrangular or triangular

  28  

- Epigynal groove roundish

  30  

28
(27)

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Epigynal groove ± triangular, particularly laterally bordered by robust chitinous wall

Psammitis bonneti (Denis, 1938)

male

- Epigynal groove ± quadrangular

  29  

29
(28)

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Epigynal groove longish, ± quadrangular, anteriorly bordered by broad chitinous wall

Xysticus lineatus (Westring, 1851)

male

-

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Epigynal groove quadratic to roundish

Xysticus obscurus Collett, 1877

male

30
(27)

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All sides of epigynal groove distinctly bordered

Xysticus acerbus Thorell, 1872

male

-

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Epigynal groove indistinctly bordered anteriorly

Psammitis sabulosa (Hahn, 1832)

male

31
(23)

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Basic shape of epigyne roundish

Xysticus bifasciatus C. L. Koch, 1837

male

- Basic shape of epigyne rhombic/trapezoid

  32  

32
(31)

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Epigynal groove laterally indented; vulva as fig.

Xysticus erraticus (Blackwall, 1834)

male

-

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Epigynal groove laterally not indented; vulva as fig.

Bassaniodes robustus (Hahn, 1832)

male

33
(22)

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Epigyne ± quadrangular with rounded corners; margins of bar between the two epigynal grooves anteriorly diverging

Xysticus kempeleni Thorell, 1872

male

- Different

  34  

34
(33)

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Bar between the two epigynal grooves distinctly wider than width of one epigynal groove

Xysticus luctator L. Koch, 1870

male

- Different

  35  

35
(34)
Epigyne anteriorly with broad, semicircular chitinous wall

  36  

- Different

  37  

36
(35)

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Width of bar between the two epigynal grooves approx. width of epigynal groove

Spiracme striatipes (L. Koch, 1870)

male

-

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cp

Width of bar between the two epigynal grooves approx. 1/2 width of epigynal groove

Xysticus kochi Thorell, 1872

male

37
(35)

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Inner margins of epigynal groove strongly sclerotised medially

Xysticus audax (Schrank, 1803)

male

- Different

  38  

38
(37)
Epigynal region all in all more strongly sclerotised and ± roundish

  39  

-

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Epigynal region only at outer sides of epigynal grooves more strongly sclerotised, so that it consists of two separated parts

Psammitis secedens (L. Koch, 1876)

male

39
(38)

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Bar between the epigynal grooves ± as wide as one epigynal groove

Xysticus lanio C. L. Koch, 1835

male

- Bar between epigynal grooves distinctly narrower than one epigynal groove

  40  

40
(39)

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Epigyne and vulva as fig.

Xysticus ulmi (Hahn, 1831)

male

- Different

  41  

41
(40)

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Posterior margin of epigynal grooves distinctly sclerotised; Vulva as fig.

Xysticus cristatus (Clerck, 1757)

male

-

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Posterior margin of epigynal grooves less sclerotised; vulva as fig.

Xysticus macedonicus Šilhavý, 1944

male

Further taxa

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1. Xysticus abditus Logunov, 2006

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2. Xysticus acerbus obscurior Kulczyński, 1895

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3. Xysticus alpicola Kulczyński, 1882

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4. Xysticus alpinus Kulczyński, 1887

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5. Xysticus apricus L. Koch, 1876

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6. Xysticus arenarius Thorell, 1875

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7. Xysticus arenicola Simon, 1875

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8. Xysticus audax massanicus Simon, 1932

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9. Xysticus austrosibiricus Logunov & Marusik, 1998

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10. Xysticus bacurianensis Mcheidze, 1971

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11. Xysticus barbatus Caporiacco, 1936

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12. Xysticus bicolor L. Koch, 1867

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13. Xysticus brevidentatus Wunderlich, 1995

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14. Xysticus britcheri Gertsch, 1934

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15. Xysticus canadensis Gertsch, 1934

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16. Xysticus caspicus Utochkin, 1968

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17. Xysticus caucasius L. Koch, 1878

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18. Xysticus charitonowi Mcheidze, 1971

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19. Xysticus chippewa Gertsch, 1953

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20. Xysticus clercki (Audouin, 1826)

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21. Xysticus cor Canestrini, 1873

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22. Xysticus corsicus Simon, 1875

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23. Xysticus desidiosus Simon, 1875

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24. Xysticus diversus (Blackwall, 1870)

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25. Xysticus doriai (Dalmas, 1922)

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26. Xysticus edax (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872)

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27. Xysticus emertoni Keyserling, 1880

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28. Xysticus ferrugineus Menge, 1876

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29. Xysticus gallicus Simon, 1875

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30. Xysticus gallicus batumiensis Mcheidze & Utochkin, 1971

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31. Xysticus gattefossei Denis, 1956

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32. Xysticus gortanii Caporiacco, 1922

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33. Xysticus grallator Simon, 1932

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34. Xysticus ibex Simon, 1875

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35. Xysticus ibex dalmasi Simon, 1932

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36. Xysticus idolothytus Logunov, 1995

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37. Xysticus kalandadzei Mcheidze & Utochkin, 1971

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38. Xysticus kaznakovi Utochkin, 1968

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39. Xysticus kempeleni nigriceps Simon, 1932

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40. Xysticus kochi abchasicus Mcheidze & Utochkin, 1971

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41. Xysticus kulczynskii Werjbitzky, 1902

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42. Xysticus laetus Thorell, 1875

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43. Xysticus marusiki Ono & Martens, 2005

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44. Xysticus metinaktasi Demir, Seyyar & Türker, 2017

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45. Xysticus mongolicus Schenkel, 1963

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46. Xysticus nataliae Utochkin, 1968

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47. Xysticus nigrotrivittatus (Simon, 1870)

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48. Xysticus nubilus Simon, 1875

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49. Xysticus ovatus Simon, 1876

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50. Xysticus peccans O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1876

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51. Xysticus promiscuus O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1876

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52. Xysticus pseudolanio Wunderlich, 1995

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53. Xysticus pseudoluctuosus Marusik & Logunov, 1995

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54. Xysticus quadrispinus Caporiacco, 1933

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55. Xysticus quadrispinus concolor Caporiacco, 1933

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56. Xysticus quagga Jocqué, 1977

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57. Xysticus semicarinatus Simon, 1932

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58. Xysticus siciliensis Wunderlich, 1995

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59. Xysticus sjostedti Schenkel, 1936

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60. Xysticus slovacus Svatoň, Pekár & Prídavka, 2000

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61. Xysticus soderbomi Schenkel, 1936

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62. Xysticus spasskyi Utochkin, 1968

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63. Xysticus tenuiapicalis Demir, 2012

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64. Xysticus thessalicoides Wunderlich, 1995

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65. Xysticus thessalicus Simon, 1916

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66. Xysticus tortuosus Simon, 1932

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67. Xysticus ukrainicus Utochkin, 1968

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68. Xysticus xerodermus Strand, 1913