Family Salticidae Blackwall, 1841

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1
Ant-like habitus (opisthosoma long, slender; petiolus clearly visible)

  2  

- Spider-like habitus

  4  

2
(1)
Body length > 5 mm

  3  

- Body length < 4 mm; prosoma flat, eye region not elevated

Synageles

3
(2)
Eye region elevated, distinctly stepped

Myrmarachne

- Eye region not elevated

Leptorchestes

4
(1)

Small species; body length mostly < 3 mm (but compare Attulus caricis); length of the eye region approx. 0.4 of the prosoma length; prosoma low, prosoma height at the posterior median eyes approx. 0.45 – 0.6 of the prosoma length

  5  

- Medium-sized to very large species. Body length 4 – 11 mm

  8  

5
(4)
Dark coloured animals, shining metallic surface (males whole body, females only prosoma); male opisthosoma with scutum, female opisthosoma with a soft skin, dark grey; prosoma height approx. 0.45 of its length

Chalcoscirtus

- Body surface not shining metallic; male opisthosoma without scutum

  6  

6
(5)
Pattern of opisthosoma reticulate, dark lines on bright ground, connected to a median angular pattern; eye region > 0.5 of the prosoma length; prosoma height approx. 0.45 of the prosoma length; embolus not spirally rolled up, at its base often small thorns; epigyne with two pits, their margins strongly sclerotised

Neon

- Pattern of opisthosoma with dark angles on bright ground (partly with bright dots) or completely black; eye region > 0.45 of the prosoma length; prosoma height approx. 0.6 of the prosoma length; male pedipalp with a long, spirally rolled up embolus (sometimes hidden); epigyne with bright "windows"

  7  

7
(6)
Eye region brighter or whole prosoma brighter; pedipalpal tibia without apophysis; spermathecae round

Talavera

- Prosoma of the same colour; pedipalpal tibia with apophysis; spermathecae not round

Euophrys

8
(4)
Prosoma as wide as long (in Ballus a bit longer than wide)

  9  

- Prosoma clearly longer than wide

  12  

9
(8)
Eye region about 0.5 of the prosoma length; posterior median eyes close to the prosomal margin

  10  

- Eye region < 0.5 of the prosoma length; posterior median eyes not close to the prosomal margin; preferably on spruce

  11  

10
(9)
Posterior part of the prosoma wider than anterior part; prosoma surface rough, shining metallic

Ballus

- Posterior part of the prosoma narrower than anterior part; prosoma surface smooth, not shining metallic

Bianor

11
(9)
Opisthosoma pattern laterally with pairs of whitish spots on reddish or greenish ground

Dendryphantes

- Opisthosoma pattern laterally with pairs of dark spots on whitish ground; prosoma as fig.

Macaroeris

12
(8)
Prosoma flat and long; leg I distinctly longer than legs II-IV (especially in males)

  13  

- Different

  15  

13
(12)
Stridulatory organ (a row of thorns on small elevations) below the lateral eyes (corresponding small thorns laterally on femur I); tibia I strongly enlarged, with long, thin sensory hairs

Pseudicius

- Different

  14  

14
(13)
Prosoma dark, without distinct bright longitudinal stripes; opisthosoma conspicuously long; male pedipalp always with a simple tibial apophysis; epigyne with small depressions in the posterior part; in wet areas, at borders of water or at the sea coast

Marpissa

- Dark prosoma with distinct bright longitudinal stripes (Phlegra festiva sometimes completely black), similar pattern also on the opisthosoma; male pedipalp always with a forked tibial apophysis; epigyne with very large grooves

Phlegra

15
(12)
Prosoma conspicuously elevated

  16  

- Different

  20  

16
(15)
Prosoma ± triangular in lateral view; posterior median eyes on the highest elevation of the prosoma; tarsus I-II with conspicuous large scopulae; one cheliceral teeth, others reduced; on sandy soils

Yllenus

- Different

  17  

17
(16)
Prosoma ± round in lateral view; body densely covered with hairs; dark grey with irregular bright spots; male pedipalp with chisel-like, projecting tibial apophysis; epigyne round to trapezoid with 2 small grooves

Carrhotus

- Different

  18  

18
(17)
Male prosoma mostly with white angular pattern in the eye region; opisthosoma grey-black with bright median line

Aelurillus

- Different

  19  

19
(18)
Male prosoma black; opisthosoma red wit black median stripe; female opisthosoma black with 2 longitudinal white dots (or stripes)

Philaeus

- Prosoma dorsally with dark orange pattern, lateral lower part orange with white hairs and black margin, upper part dark brown with orange scale hairs; opisthosoma dorsally with yellow-brown dots and angles

Neaetha

20
(15)
Opisthosoma unicoloured, sometimes with white pattern

  21  

- Opisthosoma with irregular dark lines or a mosaic of dark, brown or grey spots of different size, sometimes with white pattern

  23  

21
(20)
Opisthosoma uniformly black, shiny metallic, blue, violet or green; laterally sometimes small white dots in pairs; the anterior opisthosomal margin sometimes with a half-moon-like white line; legs often yellow

Heliophanus

- Different

  22  

22
(21)
Opisthosoma dark, diagonal or transversal white stripes in pairs, sometimes reduced to dots, no median line

Salticus

- Opisthosoma black with a distinct white median line, sometimes broken, sometimes 1-2 pairs of white lines on the anterior opisthosomal margin and laterally

Pellenes

23
(20)
Opisthosoma with dark, diagonal lines on nearly black ground, sometimes laterally with white stripes

Evarcha

- Opisthosoma with a mosaic-like arrangement of dark, brown, or grey spots of different size, medially mostly with one pair of bright dots or chevrons

  24  

24
(23)
Cheliceral teeth as fig.; tibia of the male pedipalp as long as the bulbus or longer; epigyne with 2 small depressions, their margins half-moon-like sclerotised; in greenhouses

Hasarius

-

Cheliceral teeth different; tibia of the male pedipalp not conspicuously long; epigyne different; pattern as fig.

Attulus

- Further genus

Saitis

Further genera