Cheiracanthiidae: Cheiracanthium C. L. Koch, 1839
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Opisthosoma dorsally yellow-brown with a red-brown longitudinal median band or pattern which can be seamed with light yellow (colour can be faded in old preserved specimens)

  2  
- Opisthosoma dorsally also yellow-brown or yellow-green to grey-green but without pattern or only with a grey cardiac mark respectively

  5  
2
(1)

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 Longitudinal band not reaching beyond anterior half of opisthosoma; male chelicerae strongly outwardly bulged distally and the inner side indented; tibia of male pedipalp approx. twice as long as patella; cymbial spur little bit smaller than cymbium; bulbus with ± roundish shape in ventral view; vulva: entrance ducts with wide lumen and approx. two times twisted around receptaculum seminis

Cheiracanthium oncognathum Thorell, 1871
speciesimage

male Pedipalp
(Reimoser 1937)

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male Pedipalp, ventral view
(Heimer & Nentwig 1991)

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male Pedipalp
(Azheganova 1968)
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male Pedipalp
(Heimer & Nentwig 1991)

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male Chelicerae, frontal view
(Heimer 1978)

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female Epigyne
(Roberts 1995)
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female Vulva
(Azheganova 1968)

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female Vulva, ventral view
(Heimer & Nentwig 1991)

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female Vulva, dorsal view
(Wolf unpubl.)
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female Vulva
(Reimoser 1937)
- Longitudinal band reaching spinnerets

  3  
3
(2)		 Outer cymbial margin of male pedipalp widened and laterally recognisable as protrusion above bulbus; cymbial spur tapering and with pointed ending; bulbus longer than wide in ventral view; entrance ducts of vulva distinctly twisted around anterior parts of receptacula seminis

  4  
-

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 Outer cymbial margin of male pedipalp not widened, not forming a protrusion above bulbus; cymbial spur less tapering with blunt tip; cymbial tip > 1/3 of cymbium (without spur); bulbus ± round in ventral view; tibial apophysis with equally long branches; entrance ducts of vulva twisted around receptaculum seminis at tip

Cheiracanthium pennyi O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1873
speciesimage

male Pedipalp, ventral view
(Azheganova 1968)

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male Pedipalp, ventral view
(Heimer & Nentwig 1991)

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male Pedipalp
(Locket & Millidge 1951)
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male Pedipalp
(Heimer & Nentwig 1991)

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male Pedipalp
(Urones 1988a)

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male Habitus
(Urones 1988a)
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female Epigyne
(Roberts 1995)

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female Epigyne
(Sterghiu 1985)

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female Epigyne
(Brændegaard 1966)
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female Epigyne
(Urones 1988a)

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female Epigyne
(Locket et al. 1974)

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female Vulva, ventral view
(Heimer & Nentwig 1991)
speciesimage

female Vulva
(Azheganova 1968)

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female Vulva
(Azheganova 1968)

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female Vulva, dorsal view
(Wolf unpubl.)
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female Vulva
(Reimoser 1937)

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female Vulva
(Sterghiu 1985)

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female Vulva
(Urones 1988a)
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female Vulva
(Locket et al. 1974)

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female Habitus
(Urones 1988a)
4
(3)

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 Male pedipalp: cymbial tip < 1/3 of cymbium (without cymbial spur); cymbial spur hardly reaching beyond 1/2 of tibia; entrance ducts of vulva coiled

Cheiracanthium erraticum (Walckenaer, 1802)
speciesimage

male Pedipalp
(Brændegaard 1966)

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male Pedipalp, ventral view
(Heimer & Nentwig 1991)

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male Pedipalp, ventral view
(Sterghiu 1985)
speciesimage

male Pedipalp, ventral view
(Sterghiu 1985)

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male Pedipalp
(Azheganova 1968)

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male Pedipalp
(Heimer & Nentwig 1991)
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male Pedipalp
(Reimoser 1937)

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male Pedipalp
(Locket & Millidge 1951)

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male Tibial apophysis
(Sterghiu 1985)
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female Epigyne
(Brændegaard 1966)

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female Epigyne
(Roberts 1995)

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female Epigyne
(Roberts 1998)
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female Epigyne
(Sterghiu 1985)

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female Epigyne
(Locket & Millidge 1951)

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female Vulva
(Sterghiu 1985)
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female Vulva
(Azheganova 1968)

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female Vulva
(Azheganova 1968)

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female Vulva, ventral view
(Heimer & Nentwig 1991)
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female Vulva, dorsal view
(Wolf unpubl.)

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female Vulva
(Reimoser 1937)

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female Vulva
(Sterghiu 1985)
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female Vulva, dorsal view
(Tullgren 1946)

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female Vulva, ventral view
(Tullgren 1946)

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female Vulva
(Locket et al. 1974)
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 Male pedipalp: cymbial tip > 1/3 of cymbium (without cymbial spur); cymbial spur reaching distinctly beyond 1/2 of tibia; entrance ducts of vulva forming a single arc

Cheiracanthium montanum L. Koch, 1877
speciesimage

male Pedipalp, ventral view
(Heimer & Nentwig 1991)

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male Pedipalp, ventral view
(Sterghiu 1985)

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male Pedipalp
(Heimer & Nentwig 1991)
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male Pedipalp
(Pesarini 1997)

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male Pedipalp
(Roberts 1998)

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female Epigyne
(Roberts 1998)
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female Vulva, ventral view
(Heimer & Nentwig 1991)

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female Vulva, dorsal view
(Wolf unpubl.)

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female Vulva
(Reimoser 1937)
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female Vulva, ventral view
(Sterghiu 1985)

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female Vulva, dorsal view
(Sterghiu 1985)

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Habitus
(Sterghiu 1985)
5
(1)

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 Male pedipalp with 2 equally long tibial apophysis; epigyne without epigynal groove

Cheiracanthium mildei L. Koch, 1864
speciesimage

male Pedipalp, ventral view
(Heimer & Nentwig 1991)

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male Pedipalp
(Heimer & Nentwig 1991)

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male Pedipalp
(Pesarini unpubl.)
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male Pedipalp
(Sterghiu 1985)

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female Epigyne
(Sterghiu 1985)

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female Epigyne
(Pesarini unpubl.)
speciesimage

female Epigyne
(Barrientos & Urones 1985)

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female Vulva
(Sterghiu 1985)

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female Vulva, dorsal view
(Wolf unpubl.)
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female Vulva
(Barrientos & Urones 1985)

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Eyes, dorsal view
(Sterghiu 1985)

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Habitus
(Sterghiu 1985)
- Male pedipalp with only one distinctly developed tibial apophysis; epigynal groove present, anterior margin with dark sclerotised arc

  6  
6
(5)

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 Male chelicerae outwardly bulged distally and inner side indented; cymbial spur at least as long as pedipalp tibia; length of pedipalp tibia approx. 4 times length of patella; vulva: receptaculum seminis long, approx. parallel to longitudinal axis of body; entrance ducts with wide lumen, twisted approx. three times around receptaculum seminis

Cheiracanthium effossum Herman, 1879
speciesimage

male Pedipalp, ventral view
(Heimer & Nentwig 1991)

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male Chelicerae, frontal view
(Heimer & Nentwig 1991)

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female Vulva, ventral view
(Heimer & Nentwig 1991)
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female Vulva, dorsal view
(Wolf unpubl.)
- Male chelicerae distally diverging or parallel; cymbial spur < pedipalp tibia; vulva: receptaculum seminis sloped with respect to longitudinal axis of body; entrance ducts with narrow lumen

  7  
7
(6)

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 Male chelicerae with 2 conical humps basally on inner margins; cymbial tip smaller or equal 1/3 of cymbium (without cymbial spur); outer cymbial margin extended; length of male pedipalp tibia approx. 1.5 times length of patella; epigynal groove with broad, dark margin

Cheiracanthium elegans Thorell, 1875
speciesimage

male Pedipalp, ventral view
(Heimer & Nentwig 1991)

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male Pedipalp, ventral view
(Sterghiu 1985)

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male Pedipalp
(Heimer & Nentwig 1991)
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male Pedipalp
(Pesarini 1997)

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male Pedipalp
(Urones 1988a)

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male Chelicerae, frontal view
(Heimer & Nentwig 1991)
speciesimage

female Epigyne
(Sterghiu 1985)

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female Epigyne
(Urones 1988a)

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female Vulva, ventral view
(Heimer & Nentwig 1991)
speciesimage

female Vulva, dorsal view
(Wolf unpubl.)

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female Vulva
(Reimoser 1937)

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female Vulva
(Urones 1988a)
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Habitus
(Sterghiu 1985)
- Male chelicerae without conical humps basally on inner margins; epigynal groove without or only with narrow, dark margin

  8  
8
(7)

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 Tibial apophysis with equally long branches; cymbial tip > 1/3 of cymbium (without cymbial spur); outer cymbial margin not forming a protrusion above bulbus; male chelicerae diverging distally; receptaculum seminis medially constricted; entrance ducts distant

Cheiracanthium punctorium (Villers, 1789)
speciesimage

male Pedipalp, ventral view
(Azheganova 1968)

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male Pedipalp, ventral view
(Heimer & Nentwig 1991)

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male Pedipalp, ventral view
(Sterghiu 1985)
speciesimage

male Pedipalp, ventral view
(Sterghiu 1985)

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male Pedipalp
(Heimer & Nentwig 1991)

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male Pedipalp
(Pesarini unpubl.)
speciesimage

male Pedipalp
(Urones 1987)

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male Chelicerae, frontal view
(Heimer & Nentwig 1991)

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male Habitus
(Urones 1987)
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female Epigyne
(Pesarini unpubl.)

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female Epigyne
(Roberts 1995)

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female Epigyne
(Sterghiu 1985)
speciesimage

female Vulva, ventral view
(Heimer & Nentwig 1991)

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female Vulva, dorsal view
(Wolf unpubl.)

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female Vulva
(Azheganova 1968)
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female Vulva
(Reimoser 1937)

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Habitus
(Sterghiu 1985)
- Outer branch of tibial apophysis longer than inner branch; male chelicerae somewhat diverging; receptaculum seminis medially bent at an angle, anteriorly narrowed; entrance ducts close together

  9  
9
(8)

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 Cymbial tip approx. 1/3 of cymbium length (without cymbial spur); outer cymbial margin somewhat extended, forms only a small protrusion above bulbus in lateral view; male chelicerae as fig.; entrance ducts twisted approx. 2.5 times around receptaculum seminis

Cheiracanthium virescens (Sundevall, 1833)
speciesimage

male Pedipalp
(Azheganova 1968)

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male Pedipalp
(Brændegaard 1966)

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male Pedipalp, ventral view
(Heimer & Nentwig 1991)
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male Pedipalp, ventral view
(Sterghiu 1985)

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male Pedipalp, ventral view
(Sterghiu 1985)

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male Pedipalp
(Heimer & Nentwig 1991)
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male Pedipalp
(Locket & Millidge 1951)

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male Chelicerae, frontal view
(Heimer & Nentwig 1991)

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female Epigyne
(Roberts 1995)
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female Epigyne
(Azheganova 1968)

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female Epigyne
(Brændegaard 1966)

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female Epigyne
(Roberts 1998)
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female Epigyne
(Sterghiu 1985)

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female Epigyne
(Locket & Millidge 1951)

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female Vulva, ventral view
(Heimer & Nentwig 1991)
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female Vulva, dorsal view
(Wolf unpubl.)

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female Vulva
(Reimoser 1937)

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female Vulva
(Sterghiu 1985)
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female Vulva, dorsal view
(Tullgren 1946)

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female Vulva, ventral view
(Tullgren 1946)

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Habitus
(Sterghiu 1985)
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 Cymbial tip approx. 1/4 of cymbium length (without cymbial spur); outer cymbial margin distinctly extended and forms a robust process laterally above bulbus; entrance ducts twisted approx. 3.5 times around receptaculum seminis

Cheiracanthium campestre Lohmander, 1944
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male Pedipalp, ventral view
(Heimer & Nentwig 1991)

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male Pedipalp
(Heimer & Nentwig 1991)

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female Vulva, ventral view
(Heimer & Nentwig 1991)
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female Vulva, dorsal view
(Wolf unpubl.)

Further taxa

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1. Cheiracanthium abbreviatum Simon, 1878
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-- Caption missing --
(WSC 2024)

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2. Cheiracanthium algarvense Wunderlich, 2012
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male Pedipalp, retrolateral view
(Wunderlich 2012b)

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male Pedipalp, ventral view
(Wunderlich 2012b)

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male Opisthosoma, dorsal view
(Wunderlich 2012b)

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3. Cheiracanthium angulitarse Simon, 1878
speciesimage

male Pedipalp, retrolateral view
(Sterghiu 1985)

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female Epigyne
(Sterghiu 1985)

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4. Cheiracanthium annulipes O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872
speciesimage

female Epigyne, ventral view
(O. Pickard-Cambridge 1872)

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5. Cheiracanthium auenati Caporiacco, 1936
speciesimage

female Epigyne
(Caporiacco 1936a)

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6. Cheiracanthium barbarum (Lucas, 1846)
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Chelicerae and eyes, frontal view
(Lucas 1846)

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Habitus, dorsal view
(Lucas 1846)

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7. Cheiracanthium canariense Wunderlich, 1987
speciesimage

male Pedipalp, ventral view
(Wunderlich 1987)

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male Pedipalp, retrolateral view
(Wunderlich 1987)

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female Epigyne, ventral view
(Wunderlich 1987)
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female Epigyne, variation, ventral view
(Wunderlich 1987)

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female Vulva, dorsal view
(Wunderlich 1987)

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8. Cheiracanthium equestre O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1874
speciesimage

male Pedipalp, retrolateral view
(O. Pickard-Cambridge 1874)

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male Pedipalp, ventral view
(O. Pickard-Cambridge 1874)

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female Epigyne
(O. Pickard-Cambridge 1874)

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9. Cheiracanthium exilipes (Lucas, 1846)
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female Sternum
(Lucas 1846)

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female Habitus, dorsal view
(Lucas 1846)

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10. Cheiracanthium fulvotestaceum Simon, 1878
speciesimage

male Pedipalp
(Simon 1932)

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female Epigyne
(Simon 1932)

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11. Cheiracanthium furculatum Karsch, 1879
speciesimage

male Pedipalp, prolateral view
(Bayer 2014)

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male Pedipalp, ventral view
(Bayer 2014)

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male Pedipalp, retrolateral view
(Bayer 2014)
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male Pedipalp, ventral view
(Rozwałka et al. 2017a)

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female Epigyne, ventral view
(Bosselaers 2013)

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female Epigyne, ventral view
(Bayer 2014)
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female Epigyne
(Rozwałka et al. 2017a)

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female Vulva, dorsal view
(Bosselaers 2013)

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female Vulva
(Bayer 2014)
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female Vulva, postero-dorsal view
(Bayer 2014)

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female Tarsal claw of leg I
(Bosselaers 2013)

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female Spinnerets
(Bosselaers 2013)

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12. Cheiracanthium gratum Kulczyński, 1897
speciesimage

male Pedipalp, ventral view
(Chyzer & Kulczyński 1897)

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male Pedipalp, lateral view
(Chyzer & Kulczyński 1897)

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male Pedipalp, retrolateral view
(Merkens & Wunderlich 2000)
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male Pedipalp, ventral view
(Merkens & Wunderlich 2000)

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male Pedipalp, retrolateral view
(Esyunin & Efimik 2021)

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male Pedipalp with tibia, patella and femur, retrolateral view
(Esyunin & Efimik 2021)
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male Pedipalp, ventral view
(Esyunin & Efimik 2021)

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male Chelicera, aboral view
(Merkens & Wunderlich 2000)

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male Chelicerae, frontal view
(Merkens & Wunderlich 2000)
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female Epigyne, ventral view
(Merkens & Wunderlich 2000)

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female Vulva, dorsal view
(Merkens & Wunderlich 2000)

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female Vulva, ventral view
(Merkens & Wunderlich 2000)
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female Vulva, frontal view
(Merkens & Wunderlich 2000)

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13. Cheiracanthium ienisteai Sterghiu, 1985
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female Vulva
(Sterghiu 1985)

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female Vulva
(Sterghiu 1985)

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14. Cheiracanthium ilicis Morano & Bonal, 2016
speciesimage

male Pedipalp, prolateral view
(Morano & Bonal 2016)

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male Pedipalp, prolateral view
(Morano & Bonal 2016)

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male Pedipalp, ventral view
(Morano & Bonal 2016)
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female Epigyne, ventral view
(Morano & Bonal 2016)

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female Epigyne, with mating plug, ventral view
(Morano & Bonal 2016)

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female Vulva, dorsal view
(Morano & Bonal 2016)

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15. Cheiracanthium inclusum (Hentz, 1847)
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male Pedipalp, retrolateral view
(Dondale & Redner 1982)

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male Pedipalp, ventral view
(Dondale & Redner 1982)

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male Pedipalp, retrolateral view
(Bonaldo & Brescovit 1992)
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male Pedipalp, ventral view
(Bonaldo & Brescovit 1992)

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female Epigyne
(Dondale & Redner 1982)

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female Epigyne
(Bonaldo & Brescovit 1992)
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female Vulva, dorsal view
(Dondale & Redner 1982)

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female Vulva, dorsal view
(Bonaldo & Brescovit 1992)

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16. Cheiracanthium isiacum O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1874
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male Pedipalp, retrolateral view
(O. Pickard-Cambridge 1874)

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female Epigyne
(O. Pickard-Cambridge 1874)

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17. Cheiracanthium jovium Denis, 1947
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female Epigyne
(Denis 1947)

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18. Cheiracanthium macedonicum Drensky, 1921
speciesimage

male Pedipalp, ventral view
(Sterghiu 1985)

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male Pedipalp, lateral view
(Sterghiu 1985)

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male Pedipalp, ventral view
(Breitling et al. 2016a)
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male Pedipalp, ventral view
(Breitling et al. 2016a)

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male Habitus
(Sterghiu 1985)

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female Epigyne
(Drensky 1921)
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female Epigyne/vulva, ventral view
(Breitling et al. 2016a)

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female Epigyne/vulva, ventral view
(Breitling et al. 2016a)

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female Epigyne
(Breitling et al. 2016a)
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female Epigyne
(Breitling et al. 2016a)

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female Vulva, dorsal view
(Breitling et al. 2016a)

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female Vulva, dorsal view
(Breitling et al. 2016a)
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female Eyes, dorsal view
(Drensky 1921)

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female Habitus, dorsal view
(Drensky 1921)

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19. Cheiracanthium margaritae Sterghiu, 1985
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female Epigyne
(Sterghiu 1985)

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female Vulva
(Sterghiu 1985)

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Habitus
(Sterghiu 1985)

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20. Cheiracanthium occidentale L. Koch, 1882
speciesimage

female Epigyne
(Bosmans & Van Keer 2012)

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female Vulva, ventral view
(Bosmans & Van Keer 2012)

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female Vulva, dorsal view
(Bosmans & Van Keer 2012)

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21. Cheiracanthium pelasgicum (C. L. Koch, 1837)
speciesimage

male Pedipalp
(Sterghiu 1985)

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male Pedipalp, ventral view
(Sterghiu 1985)

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male Pedipalp, retrolateral view
(Seropian et al. 2023b)
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male Pedipalp, ventral view
(Seropian et al. 2023b)

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female Epigyne
(Sterghiu 1985)

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female Vulva
(Sterghiu 1985)
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Habitus
(Sterghiu 1985)

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22. Cheiracanthium pennatum Simon, 1878
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male Pedipalp
(Sterghiu 1985)

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male Pedipalp, ventral view
(Sterghiu 1985)

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male Pedipalp
(Urones 1988a)
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female Epigyne
(Simon 1932)

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female Epigyne
(Urones 1988a)

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female Vulva
(Urones 1988a)
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Habitus
(Sterghiu 1985)

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23. Cheiracanthium salsicola Simon, 1932
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male Pedipalp
(Simon 1932)

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24. Cheiracanthium seidlitzi L. Koch, 1864
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male Pedipalp, retrolateral view
(Simon 1932)

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male Pedipalp, retrolateral view
(Taberlet unpubl.)

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male Chelicera, retrolateral view
(Borges & Wunderlich 2008)
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male Chelicerae, ventral view
(Taberlet unpubl.)

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female Epigyne, ventral view
(Simon 1932)

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female Epigyne
(Urones 2021)
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female Vulva, ventral view
(Borges & Wunderlich 2008)

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Prosoma
(Barrientos & Urones 1985)

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25. Cheiracanthium siwi El-Hennawy, 2001
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male Pedipalp, retrolateral view
(Denis 1947)

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female Epigyne
(Denis 1947)

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26. Cheiracanthium striolatum Simon, 1878
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male Pedipalp
(Simon 1932)

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male Pedipalp, prolateral view
(Lecigne unpubl.)

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male Pedipalp, retrolateral view
(Lecigne unpubl.)
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male Pedipalp, ventral view
(Lecigne unpubl.)

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male Pedipalp, ventral view
(Lissner 2016c)

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male Pedipalp, ventral view
(Breitling et al. 2016a)
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male Pedipalp, ventral view
(Breitling et al. 2016a)

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male Pedipalp, ventral view
(Breitling et al. 2016a)

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male Pedipalp in detail, retrolateral view
(Breitling 2018)
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male Pedipalp, ventral view
(Breitling 2018)

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male Pedipalp, dorsal view
(Lecigne 2018b)

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male Pedipalp, prolateral view
(Lecigne 2018b)
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male Pedipalp, retrolateral view
(Lecigne 2018b)

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male Pedipalp, ventral view
(Lecigne 2018b)

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male Pedipalpal basis with Tibia, retrolateral view
(Lecigne 2018b)
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male Palpal tibia, ventral view
(Lecigne 2018b)

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female Epigyne
(Simon 1932)

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female Epigyne
(Breitling et al. 2016a)
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female Epigyne
(Breitling et al. 2016a)

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female Epigyne
(Breitling et al. 2016a)

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female Vulva, ventral view
(Breitling et al. 2016a)
speciesimage

female Vulva, dorsal view
(Breitling et al. 2016a)