Theridiidae: Steatoda Sundevall, 1833

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1
Opisthosoma dark brown to black, shiny with a pattern consisting of points or lines similar to fig., yellow or whitish, rarely lacking

  2  

- Opisthosoma different, sometimes with a striking dorsal longitudinal stripe which can be broken into points, but never like fig. at #1

  4  

2
(1)

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Embolus very long; epigynal groove ± circular, its anterior margin with a backward-directed process; opisthosoma black, dorsally with white or yellow pattern as fig. (rarely lacking)

Asagena phalerata (Panzer, 1801)

- Different

  3  

3
(2)

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Pedipalp as fig.; accompanying process of embolus longish; epigyne with striking furrows

Asagena meridionalis Kulczyński, 1894

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Pedipalp as fig.; accompanying process of embolus blunt, inconspicuous; epigyne hardly furrowed

Asagena italica (Knoflach, 1996)

4
(1)
Embolus very short, not twisted; epigyne with robust chitinous bulges

  5  

- Embolus transverse to longitudinal axis of cymbium; epigyne is a large groove

  9  

5
(4)

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Conductor laterally with small tip; posterior epigynal margin with 2 forwardly directed bulges; opisthosoma light or darker brown with pattern as fig. (sometimes blurred)

Steatoda castanea (Clerck, 1757)

- Conductor and epigyne different

  6  

6
(5)

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Conductor long and bent; pedipalp tibia longer than cymbium; epigynal groove small and rounded; opisthosoma dark brown to almost black, pattern yellowish (fig.), sometimes broken into single spots

Steatoda triangulosa (Walckenaer, 1802)

- Different

  7  

7
(6)

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Conductor hook-like bent distally; pedipalp tibia shorter than cymbium; epigynal groove large, anterior margin angular; opisthosoma almost black, with characteristic white, yellowish or reddish pattern (fig.) (rarely uniformly black)

Steatoda albomaculata (De Geer, 1778)

- Different

  8  

8
(7)

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Pedipalp, epigyne and vulva as fig.

Steatoda paykulliana (Walckenaer, 1806)

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Pedipalp and epigyne as fig. opisthosoma dark with white pattern, ventrally dark with white median line and two indistinct lateral lines which merging anterior to spinnerets

Steatoda incomposita (Denis, 1957)

9
(4)

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Conductor very large; epigynal groove ± square; opisthosoma mostly reddish brown with yellowish pattern as fig. (sometimes black-brown with indicated light longitudinal stripe)

Steatoda bipunctata (Linnaeus, 1758)

- Different

  10  

10
(9)

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Conductor small; epigynal groove with narrow septum; colouration very variable, whitish yellow to brown (then with pattern) to almost black with blurred pattern; legs always unicoloured

Steatoda grossa (C. L. Koch, 1838)

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Pedipalp as fig.; epigynal groove with broad septum; colouration very variable, prosoma dark red-brown with darker radial pattern; legs light yellow-brown, tibia distally darker; male opisthosoma with folium pattern, dark purple, beige and white, 4 larger reddish impressed dots; in females purple-brown with whitish stripe

Steatoda nobilis (Thorell, 1875)

Further taxa

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1. Steatoda albomaculata infuscata (Schenkel, 1925)

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2. Steatoda dahli (Nosek, 1905)

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3. Steatoda ephippiata (Thorell, 1875)

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4. Steatoda erigoniformis (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872)

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5. Steatoda ifricola Lecigne, Lips, Moutaouakil & Oger, 2020

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6. Steatoda latifasciata (Simon, 1873)

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7. Steatoda maura (Simon, 1909)

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8. Steatoda moerens (Thorell, 1875)

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9. Steatoda trianguloides Levy, 1991

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10. Steatoda triangulosa concolor (Caporiacco, 1933)

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11. Steatoda venator (Audouin, 1826)