Heliophanus aeneus (Hahn, 1832)
Description
Male
Tibial apophysis long and slightly bent. Embolus slightly bent, robust protrusion on its base. Prosoma dark brown or black, with metallic sheen, some white scales in the area of anterior eyes, Sternum and legs dark brown. Opisthosoma black, with white band at anterior margin, posteriorly sometimes with a pair of white marks.
Body length male: 5.0-6.8 mmFemale
Epigynal groove approximately one diameter apart from posterior epigynal margin. Colouration as in males, except opisthosma with smaller markings or completely brown without markings. Legs light brown or yellow.
Body length female: 5.0-6.8 mmAdditional information
Under stones and on tree trunks, up to 2300 m in the Alps
Distribution
Figures
Pedipalp, ventral view
(Pesarini unpubl.)
Pedipalp, ventral view
(Żabka 1997)
Pedipalp
(Roberts 1998)
Pedipalp
(Żabka 1997)
Pedipalp, ventral view
(Wesołowska 1986)
Pedipalp, retrolateral view
(Wesołowska 1986)
Pedipalp, dorsal view
(Wesołowska 1986)
Femoral apophysis
(Prószyński 1991)
Femoral apophysis
(Wesołowska 1986)
Habitus
(Żabka 1997)
Epigyne
(Roberts 1998)
Epigyne
(Żabka 1997)
Epigyne, ventral view
(Wesołowska 1986)
Epigyne, ventral view
(Wesołowska 1986)
Epigyne, ventral view
(Wesołowska 1986)
Vulva
(Żabka 1997)
Vulva
(Wesołowska 1986)
Vulva
(Wesołowska 1986)
Vulva
(Wesołowska 1986)
Habitus
(Żabka 1997)
Distribution List
"No references" does not mean that the species does not occur in this country, but that we have not yet inserted the reference for it. We are working on it.
References
Arnold K (2001) Beitrag zur Spinnenfauna (Arachnida, Araneae) des Fürstentums Liechtenstein. Berichte der Botanisch-Zoologischen Gesellschaft Liechtenstein-Sargans-Werdenberg 28: 211-244 
Blagoev G, Deltshev C, Lazarov S, Naumova M (2018) The spiders (Araneae) of Bulgaria. Version: August 2018. National Museum of Natural History, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences. Online at http://www.nmnhs.com/spiders-bulgaria/ (accessed on 10.9.2018)
Blick T, Finch O-D, Harms K H, Kiechle J, Kielhorn K-H , Kreuels M, Malten A, Martin D, Muster C, Nährig D, Platen R, Rödel I, Scheidler M, Staudt A, Stumpf H, Tolke D (2016) Rote Liste und Gesamtartenliste der Spinnen (Arachnida: Araneae) Deutschlands. 3. Fassung, Stand April 2008, einzelne Änderungen und Nachträge bis August 2015. Naturschutz und Biologische Vielfalt 70/4: 383-510
Bosmans R, Chatzaki M (2005) A catalogue of the spiders of Greece – a critical review of all spider species cited from Greece with their localities. Nieuwsbrief van de Belgische arachnologische Vereniging 20 (2, suppl.): 1-124
Bosmans R, Van Keer K (2017) Een herziene soortenlijst van de Belgische spinnen (Araneae). Nieuwsbrief van de Belgische Arachnologische Vereniging 32: 39-69
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Danışman T, Kunt K B, Özkütük R S, Coşar İ (2025a) The checklist of the spiders of Turkey. Version 2025 [last updated 01 December 2025], online at http://www.spidersofturkey.info
Deltshev C D, Ćurčić B P M, Blagoev GA (2003b) The spiders of Serbia. Inst. Zoology, Fac. Biology, Belgrade & Inst. Zoology, Bulg. Acad. Sci., Sofia. 832 pp.
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Kranjčev R (2012) [Jumping spider fauna (Araneae: Salticidae) of Paklenica National Park, Republic of Croatia]. Entomologia Croatica 16: 105-114
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Kreuels M, Staudt A, Christian S (2019) Die Spinnenfauna von Luxemburg – eine Zusammenstellung der Nachweise aus den Jahren 1906-2018 (Arachnida: Araneae). Bulletin de la Société des naturalistes luxembourgeois 121: 203-230
Kronestedt T (2001) Checklist of Spiders (Araneae) in Sweden [Preliminary version February 2001]
Le Peru B (2007) Catalogue et répartition des araignées de France. Revue Arachnologique 16: 1-468
Maurer R, Hänggi A (1990) Katalog der schweizerischen Spinnen. Documenta Faunistica Helvetiae 12
Otto S (2022) Caucasian spiders. A faunistic database on the spiders of the Caucasus Ecoregion. Database version 02.2022. Internet: caucasus-spiders.info.
Pesarini C (unpubl.)
Polchaninova N, Prokopenko E (2019) An updated checklist of spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) of Left-Bank Ukraine. Arachnologische Mitteilungen 57: 60-64 & App
Prószyński J (1991) in Heimer S, Nentwig W: Spinnen Mitteleuropas. Parey Hamburg
Roberts M J (1998) Spinnengids. Tirion, Baarn, Netherlands, 397 pp.
Rozwałka R, Stanska M (2008) Check-list of spiders (Araneae) of Poland. 1. December 2008. online at http://www.arachnologia.edu.pl/en/species/8-spiders-of-poland.html
Růžička V, Řezáč M (2022a) Seznam pavouků České republiky. List of spiders of the Czech Republic. Online at https://www.arachnology.cz/seznam-pavouku-cr-26.html and https://www.arachnology.cz/en/seznam-pavouku-cr-26.html
Samu F, Szinetár C (1999) Bibliographic check list of the Hungarian spider fauna. Bulletin of the British Arachnological Society 11: 161-184
Thaler K (1997c) Beiträge zur Spinnenfauna von Nordtirol - 4: Dionycha (Anyphaenidae, Clubionidae, Heteropodidae, Liocranidae, Philodromidae, Salticidae, Thomisidae, Zoridae). Veröffentlichungen des Museum Ferdinandeum in Innsbruck 77: 233-285
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Wesołowska W (1986) A revision of the genus Heliophanus C. L. Koch, 1833 (Aranei: Salticidae). Annales Zoologici, Warszawa 40: 1-254
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Żabka M (1997) Salticidae: Pajaki skaczace (Arachnida: Araneae) (Salticidae of Poland). Fauna Polski (Fauna Poloniae) 19: 1-188