Theridiidae: Dipoena Thorell, 1869
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1
 The whole body black

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- Not the whole body black

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 Male pedipalp with hammer-shaped bulbal apophysis; epigyne horseshoe-like sclerotised

Dipoena melanogaster (C. L. Koch, 1837)
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male Pedipalp
(Miller 1967)

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male Pedipalp
(Wiehle 1937)

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male Pedipalp
(Roberts 1995)
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male Pedipalp
(Locket & Millidge 1953)

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female Epigyne
(Miller 1967)

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female Epigyne
(Roberts 1995)
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female Epigyne
(Wiehle 1937)

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female Epigyne
(Locket & Millidge 1953)

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female Vulva
(Miller 1967)
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female Vulva
(Wiehle 1937)

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Opisthosoma, dorsal view
(Locket & Millidge 1953)

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Habitus, lateral view
(Wiehle 1937)
- Different

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 Distal bulbal apophysis massive, with blunt process; epigyne is a longish groove; prosoma in males very high

Dipoena torva (Thorell, 1875)
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male Pedipalp
(Miller 1967)

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male Pedipalp
(Pesarini 2000)

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male Pedipalp
(Roberts 1995)
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male Pedipalp
(Locket & Millidge 1953)

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male Prosoma, dorsal view
(Locket & Millidge 1953)

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male Prosoma, lateral view
(Locket & Millidge 1953)
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male Prosoma, dorsal view
(Miller 1967)

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male Prosoma, dorsal view
(Miller 1967)

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male Prosoma, lateral view
(Heimer & Nentwig 1991)
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male Prosoma, lateral view
(Miller 1967)

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male Prosoma, frontal view
(Miller 1967)

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female Epigyne
(Aakra 2000a)
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female Epigyne
(Miller 1967)

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female Epigyne
(Roberts 1995)

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female Epigyne
(Wiehle 1937)
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female Epigyne
(Locket & Millidge 1953)

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female Vulva
(Miller 1967)

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female Vulva
(Wiehle 1937)
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female Habitus, lateral view
(Aakra unpubl.)
- Distal bulbal apophysis without process; epigyne different

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(3)

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 Bulbal apophysis distally with 2 robust tips; copulatory openings of epigyne widely separated; male prosoma elevated

Lasaeola prona (Menge, 1868)
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male Pedipalp
(Wiehle 1937)

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male Pedipalp, ventral view
(Miller 1967)

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male Pedipalp
(Miller 1967)
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male Pedipalp
(Roberts 1995)

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male Pedipalp
(Locket & Millidge 1953)

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female Epigyne
(Roberts 1995)
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female Epigyne
(Wiehle 1937)

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female Epigyne
(Locket & Millidge 1953)

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female Vulva
(Heimer & Nentwig 1991)
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female Prosoma, lateral view
(Locket & Millidge 1953)

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Prosoma, lateral view
(Heimer & Nentwig 1991)
- Bulbal apophysis different; copulatory openings in a transverse oval groove

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(4)

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Embolus short, with very strongly thickened base

Dipoena erythropus (Simon, 1881)
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male Pedipalp
(Wiehle 1937)

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male Pedipalp
(Roberts 1995)

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male Pedipalp
(Locket & Millidge 1953)
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male Prosoma, lateral view
(Denis 1951a)

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male Prosoma, dorsal view
(Denis 1951a)

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female Epigyne
(Denis 1951a)
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female Epigyne
(Jäger et al. 2000)

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female Epigyne
(Roberts 1995)

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female Epigyne
(Locket & Millidge 1953)
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female Vulva
(Jäger et al. 2000)
- Embolus uniformly tapering; epigynal groove transverse oval

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 Embolus bent; epigynal groove situated near epigastric furrow; entrance ducts arc-shaped, visible through epigyne; male prosoma little elevated

Phycosoma inornatum (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1861)
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male Pedipalp
(Roberts 1995)

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male Pedipalp
(Wiehle 1937)

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male Pedipalp
(Locket & Millidge 1953)
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male Pedipalp
(Locket & Millidge 1953)

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female Epigyne
(Miller 1967)

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female Epigyne
(Roberts 1995)
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female Epigyne
(Wiehle 1937)

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female Epigyne
(Locket & Millidge 1953)

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female Vulva
(Miller 1967)
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female Vulva
(Wiehle 1937)
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 Embolus with a ± right angled bend; epigynal groove far anterior to epigastric furrow; male prosoma very high

Dipoena nigroreticulata (Simon, 1880)
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male Pedipalp
(Finch 1999)

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male Pedipalp
(Miller 1967)

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female Epigyne
(Finch 1999)
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female Vulva
(Miller 1967)

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female Vulva
(Miller 1967)

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Prosoma, lateral view
(Miller 1967)
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Prosoma, frontal view
(Miller 1967)

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Prosoma, dorsal view
(Miller 1967)
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 Embolus very short and fine; distal bulbal apophysis with 2 small tips; copulatory openings of epigyne widely separated and hardly visible

Lasaeola coracina (C. L. Koch, 1837)
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male Pedipalp
(Roberts 1995)

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male Pedipalp
(Miller 1967)

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male Pedipalp, ventral view
(Miller 1967)
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male Pedipalp
(Heimer & Nentwig 1991)

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male Pedipalp
(Locket & Millidge 1953)

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female Epigyne
(Roberts 1995)
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female Epigyne
(Heimer & Nentwig 1991)

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female Epigyne
(Locket & Millidge 1953)

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female Vulva
(Heimer & Nentwig 1991)
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female Vulva
(Miller 1947)

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female Vulva
(Miller 1947)
- Embolus long and robust; copulatory openings of epigyne in a transverse oval groove

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 Conductor broad at base, membranous; epigynal groove very close to epigastric furrow; entrance ducts short

Lasaeola tristis (Hahn, 1833)
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male Pedipalp
(Wiehle 1937)

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male Pedipalp, ventral view
(Miller 1967)

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male Pedipalp
(Aakra unpubl.)
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male Pedipalp
(Roberts 1995)

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male Pedipalp
(Locket & Millidge 1953)

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female Epigyne
(Miller 1967)
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female Epigyne
(Roberts 1995)

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female Epigyne
(Locket & Millidge 1953)

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female Vulva
(Miller 1967)
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female Vulva
(Wiehle 1937)

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Habitus, lateral view
(Aakra unpubl.)
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 Conductor robust and pointed; epigynal groove far anterior to epigastric furrow; entrance ducts long, spiral

Dipoena braccata (C. L. Koch, 1841)
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male Pedipalp
(Wiehle 1937)

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male Pedipalp
(Heimer & Nentwig 1991)

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male Pedipalp
(Miller 1967)
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female Epigyne
(Heimer & Nentwig 1991)

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female Epigyne
(Miller 1967)

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female Vulva
(Miller 1967)
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female Vulva
(Wiehle 1937)

Further taxa

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1. Dipoena croatica (Chyzer, 1894)
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male Pedipalp
(Chyzer & Kulczyński 1894)

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female Epigyne, ventral view
(Chyzer & Kulczyński 1894)

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2. Dipoena galilaea Levy & Amitai, 1981
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male Pedipalp, lateral view
(Lissner unpubl.)

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male Pedipalp, ventral view
(Lissner unpubl.)

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male Pedipalp, prolateral view
(Bosmans et al. 2019c)
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male Pedipalp, retrolateral view
(Bosmans et al. 2019c)

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male Pedipalp in detail, ventral view
(Bosmans et al. 2019c)

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male Pedipalp, ventral view
(Bosmans et al. 2019c)
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male Eyes
(Lissner unpubl.)

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male Opisthosoma, dorsal view
(Lissner unpubl.)

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male Spinnerets
(Lissner unpubl.)
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male Habitus, dorsal view
(Lissner unpubl.)

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male Habitus, lateral view
(Lissner unpubl.)

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female Epigyne
(Levy & Amitai 1981a)
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female Vulva, dorsal view
(Levy & Amitai 1981a)

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female Prosoma, lateral view
(Levy & Amitai 1981a)

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female Opisthosoma, lateral view
(Levy & Amitai 1981a)
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female Opisthosoma, dorsal view
(Levy & Amitai 1981a)

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female Opisthosoma, lateral view
(Levy & Amitai 1981a)

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3. Dipoena latifrons Denis, 1951
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male Pedipalp
(Denis 1951a)

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Prosoma, lateral view
(Denis 1951a)

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Prosoma, dorsal view
(Denis 1951a)

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4. Dipoena umbratilis (Simon, 1873)
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male Pedipalp
(Machado 1949)

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male Pedipalp, prolateral view
(Løvbrekke unpubl.)

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male Pedipalp, retrolateral view
(Løvbrekke unpubl.)
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male Habitus, dorsal view
(Løvbrekke unpubl.)

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female Prosoma, frontal view
(Simon 1873a)
world5. Dipoena lesnei Simon, 1899
world6. Dipoena leveillei (Simon, 1885)
world7. Dipoena lindholmi (Strand, 1910)
world8. Dipoena praecelsa Simon, 1914
world9. Dipoena sedilloti (Simon, 1885)
world10. Dipoena sericata (Simon, 1880)
world11. Dipoena xanthopus Simon, 1914