Gnaphosa opaca Herman, 1879
Description
Embolus ± straight. Epigyne almost roundish. Prosoma brown to grey-brown. Opisthosoma brown to grey-brown.
Body length male: 4.9-6.6 mmBody length female: 5.4-8.2 mm
Additional information
Prefers xerothermic locations like dry meadows and rocky heathland
Distribution
Phenology
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
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Figures
Pedipalp
(Staręga 1972)
Pedipalp, ventral view
(Ovtsharenko et al. 1992)
Pedipalp, ventral view
(Ovtsharenko et al. 1992)
Pedipalp, ventral view
(Ovtsharenko et al. 1992)
Pedipalp, ventral view
(Staręga 1972)
Pedipalp
(Ovtsharenko et al. 1992)
Pedipalp
(Roberts 1998)
Pedipalp, ventral view
(Pérez-Pérez 1985)
Pedipalp
(Pérez-Pérez 1985)
Epigyne
(Ovtsharenko et al. 1992)
Epigyne
(Ovtsharenko et al. 1992)
Epigyne
(Roberts 1998)
Epigyne
(Staręga 1972)
Epigyne
(Pérez-Pérez 1985)
Vulva
(Miller 1947)
Vulva
(Ovtsharenko et al. 1992)
Distribution List
"No references" does not mean that the species does not occur in this country, but that we have not yet inserted the reference for it. We are working on it.
References
Blagoev G, Deltshev C, Lazarov S, Naumova M (2018) The spiders (Araneae) of Bulgaria. Version: August 2018. National Museum of Natural History, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences. Online at http://www.nmnhs.com/spiders-bulgaria/ (accessed on 10.9.2018) 
Blick T (2018) A small collection of spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) from the River Vjosa, Albania – with an updated spider checklist of Albania. Acta ZooBot Austria 155: 213-232
Bosmans R, Van Keer K (2017) Een herziene soortenlijst van de Belgische spinnen (Araneae). Nieuwsbrief van de Belgische Arachnologische Vereniging 32: 39-69
Branco V V, Morano E, Cardoso P (2019) An update to the Iberian spider checklist (Araneae). Zootaxa 4614: 201-254
Danflous S, Crowther R, Simmons Z M (2020a) Identité de Gnaphosa molesta / Identity of Gnaphosa molesta (Araneae; Gnaphosidae). Bulletin de l'Association Française d'Arachnologie 5: 2-9
Danışman T, Kunt K B, Özkütük R S, Coşar İ (2024a) The checklist of the spiders of Turkey. Version 2024 [last updated 01 January 2024], online at http://www.spidersofturkey.info
Grbić G, Savić D (2010) Contribution to the knowledge of the spider fauna (Arachnida, Araneae) on the Fruška Gora Mt. Acta Entomologica Serbica 15: 243-260
Komnenov M (2014) Spider fauna of the Osogovo Mt. Range, Northeastern Macedonia. Fauna Balkana 2: 1-267
Kostanjšek R, Kuntner M (2015) Araneae Sloveniae: a national spider species checklist. ZooKeys 474: 1-91
Miller F (1947) Pavoucí zvírena hadcových stepí u Mohelna. Archiv Svazu na Výzkum a Ochranu Přírody i Krajiny v Zemi Moravskoslezské 7: 1-107
Naumova M, Hristovski S, Hristov G H (2016b) Spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) from Prespa National Park, Albania. Acta Zoologica Bulgarica 68: 503-511
Otto S (2022) Caucasian spiders. A faunistic database on the spiders of the Caucasus Ecoregion. Database version 02.2022. Internet: caucasus-spiders.info.
Ovtsharenko V I, Platnick N I, Song D X (1992) A review of the North Asian ground spiders of the genus Gnaphosa (Araneae, Gnaphosidae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 212: 1-88
Pérez-Pérez J-A (1985) Artrópodos epigeos del macizo de San Juan de la Peña (Jaca, Prov. de Huesca), VIII. Arañas gnafósidas. Pirineos 126: 61-80
Polchaninova N, Prokopenko E (2019) An updated checklist of spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) of Left-Bank Ukraine. Arachnologische Mitteilungen 57: 60-64 & App
Roberts M J (1998) Spinnengids. Tirion, Baarn, Netherlands, 397 pp.
Rozwałka R, Stanska M (2008) Check-list of spiders (Araneae) of Poland. 1. December 2008. online at http://www.arachnologia.edu.pl/en/species/8-spiders-of-poland.html
Růžička V, Řezáč M (2022a) Seznam pavouků České republiky. List of spiders of the Czech Republic. Online at https://www.arachnology.cz/seznam-pavouku-cr-26.html and https://www.arachnology.cz/en/seznam-pavouku-cr-26.html
Samu F, Szinetár C (1999) Bibliographic check list of the Hungarian spider fauna. Bulletin of the British Arachnological Society 11: 161-184
Staręga W (1972) Nowe dla fauny Polski i rzadsze gatunki pajakow (Aranei), z opisem Lepthyphantes milleri sp. n.. Fragmenta Faunistica 18: 55-98
WSC (2024) World Spider Catalog. Version 25.0. Natural History Museum Bern, online at http://wsc.nmbe.ch (22.01.2024) doi: 10.24436/2