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Araneidae  Clerck, 1757 / Cyclosa  Menge, 1866   7 species

Cyclosa oculata  (Walckenaer, 1802)

WSC LSID urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:015670

Key to genera | Key to species

Description

Male palp with rectangularly bent distal apophysis, with very long tip. Median apophysis distally with 2 stout jags. Embolus long and robust. Epigyne with long scapus, first bent toward anterior then toward posterior again. Prosoma dark brown to black. Sternum sometimes with bright spots. Opisthosoma dark red-brown to black, dorsally rarely with light pattern, posteriorly with 3 dorsal protuberances, anteriorly with 2.

Body length male: 4.0 mm
Body length female: 5.5-6.8 mm
Additional information

amongst grass in sunny and dry meadows, only in warm places in Central Europe

Frequency: Rarely found

Distribution
  Presence
  No data
Distribution comment: Belarus: Miasnikou (pers. comm.)
Global distribution (WSC 2020): Europe, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to Far East), Central Asia, China
Phenology
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
 male  female
Figures
species

male Pedipalp
(Wiehle 1931)

species

male Pedipalp, ventral view
(Azheganova 1968)

species

male Pedipalp, anterior view
(Groppali et al. 1998)

species

male Pedipalp, retrolateral view
(Groppali et al. 1998)

species

male Bulbus
(Roberts 1995)

species

male Median apophysis
(Loksa 1972)

species

male Opisthosoma, dorsal view
(Groppali et al. 1998)

species

male Opisthosoma, lateral view
(Groppali et al. 1998)

species

female Epigyne
(Azheganova 1968)

species

female Epigyne
(Roberts 1995)

species

female Epigyne
(Wiehle 1931)

species

female Epigyne
(Loksa 1972)

species

Opisthosoma, dorsal view
(Wiehle 1931)

species

Habitus
(Azheganova 1968)

Distribution List
Albania   ( no references ) ||| Austria   ( no references ) ||| Belarus   ( no references ) ||| Belgium   ( no references ) ||| Bulgaria   ( Blagoev et al., 2018; ) ||| Czechia   ( no references ) ||| Denmark   ( no references ) ||| Estonia   ( no references ) ||| France   ( no references ) ||| France / Corsica   ( no references ) ||| Georgia   ( Otto, 2020; ) ||| Germany   ( no references ) ||| Greece   ( no references ) ||| Hungary   ( no references ) ||| Italy   ( Pantini & Isaia, 2019; ) ||| Italy / Sardinia   ( Pantini & Isaia, 2019; ) ||| Italy / Sicily   ( Pantini & Isaia, 2019; ) ||| Latvia   ( Cera, 2018; ) ||| Lithuania   ( no references ) ||| Luxembourg   ( Hermann, 1998; ) ||| Netherlands   ( no references ) ||| North Macedonia   ( no references ) ||| Poland   ( no references ) ||| Romania   ( no references ) ||| Russia, Central   ( no references ) ||| Russia, Eastern   ( no references ) ||| Russia, Kaliningrad Region   ( no references ) ||| Russia, Southern   ( Otto, 2020; ) ||| Serbia   ( no references ) ||| Slovakia   ( no references ) ||| Slovenia   ( Kostanjšek & Kuntner, 2015; ) ||| Spain   ( no references ) ||| Switzerland   ( no references ) ||| Ukraine   ( Polchaninova & Prokopenko, 2019; ) |||
References

Azheganova N S (1968) Kratkii opredelitel' paukov (Aranei) lesnoi i lesostepnoi zony SSSR. Akademia Nauk SSSR: 1-149

Blagoev G, Deltshev C, Lazarov S, Naumova M (2018) The spiders (Araneae) of Bulgaria. Version: August 2018. National Museum of Natural History, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences. Online at http://www.nmnhs.com/spiders-bulgaria/ (accessed on 10.9.2018)

Cera I (2018) The checklist of Latvian spiders (Arachnida: Araneae). Environmental and Experimental Biology 16: 139-152 pdf

Groppali R, Guerci P, Pesarini C (1998) Appunti sui Ragni (Arachnida, Araneae) della costa orientale di Eivissa (Ibiza), con la descrizione di una nuova specie: Cyclosa groppalii Pesarini (Araneidae). Boll Soc Hist nat Balears 41: 65-74

Hänggi A, Stäubli A (2012) Nachträge zum „Katalog der schweizerischen Spinnen“: 4. Neunachweise von 2002 bis 2011. Arachnologische Mitteilungen 44: 59-76

Helsdingen P J van (2010a) Araneae. In: Fauna Europaea Database (Version 2010.1), online at www.european-arachnology.org

Helsdingen P J van, IJland S, Komnenov M (2018) Inventory of the spiders (Araneae) of the border region of northern Greece with Albania and FYR Macedonia. Nieuwsbrief SPINED 37: 5-23 pdf

Hermann E (1998) Die Spinnen (Araneae) ausgewählter Halbtrockenrasen im Osten Luxemburgs. Bulletin de la Société des naturalistes Luxembourgeois 99: 189-199 pdf

Kostanjšek R, Kuntner M (2015) Araneae Sloveniae: a national spider species checklist. ZooKeys 474: 1-91 pdf

Loksa I (1972) Pokok II-Araneae II. Fauna Hungariae 109: 3.1-3.112

Otto S (2020) Caucasian spiders. A faunistic database on the spiders of the Caucasus Ecoregion. Database version 03.2020. Internet: caucasus-spiders.info.

Pantini P, Isaia M (2019) Araneae.it: the online Catalog of Italian spiders, with addenda on other Arachnid Orders occurring in Italy (Arachnida: Araneae, Opiliones, Palpigradi, Pseudoscorpionida, Scorpiones, Solifugae). http://araneae.it. Fragmenta Entomologica 51: 127-152 pdf

Polchaninova N, Prokopenko E (2019) An updated checklist of spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) of Left-Bank Ukraine. Arachnologische Mitteilungen 57: 60-64 & App pdf

Roberts M J (1995) Spiders of Britain and Northern Europe. Collins Field Guide Bath

Wiehle H (1931) Spinnentiere oder Arachnoidea, VI. 27: Familie Araneidae. Tierwelt Deutschlands 23

World Spider Catalog (2020) World Spider Catalog. Version 21.0. Natural History Museum Bern, online at http://wsc.nmbe.ch (20.03.2020) doi: 10.24436/2

Updates
15-03-2020 Distribution insert Detail
25-06-2019 Distribution update Detail
17-03-2018 Distribution update Detail
31-12-2013 Image insert
09-04-2013 Distribution update Detail