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Gnaphosidae  Pocock, 1898 / Gnaphosa  Latreille, 1804   69 species

Gnaphosa montana  (L. Koch, 1866)

WSC LSID urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027257

Key to genera | Key to species

Description

Epigyne with angularly bent lateral margins. Prosoma red-brown to black-brown, eye region darker. Legs red-brown to black-brown, distal leg segments brighter and more reddish. Opisthosoma red-brown to black-brown.

Body length male: 10.5-11.3 mm
Body length female: 9.3-13.7 mm
Additional information

Mountainous to high-alpine species, in coniferous forests under bark

Distribution
  Presence
  No data
Global distribution (WSC 2021): Europe, Turkey, Russia (Europe to South Siberia), Kazakhstan
Phenology
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
 male  female
Figures
species

male Pedipalp, ventral view
(Ovtsharenko et al. 1992)

species

male Pedipalp, ventral view
(Ovtsharenko et al. 1992)

species

male Pedipalp
(Ovtsharenko et al. 1992)

species

male Pedipalp
(Roberts 1998)

species

female Epigyne
(Noordam 1992)

species

female Epigyne
(Ovtsharenko et al. 1992)

species

female Epigyne
(Roberts 1998)

species

female Epigyne, ventral view
(Løvbrekke unpubl.)

species

female Vulva
(Ovtsharenko et al. 1992)

species

female Vulva, ventral view
(Tullgren 1946)

species

female Vulva, ventral view
(Løvbrekke unpubl.)

species

female Vulva, dorsal view
(Løvbrekke unpubl.)

Distribution List
Austria   (no references) ||| Belarus   (Ivanov, 2013) ||| Bulgaria   (Blagoev et al., 2018) ||| Czechia   (no references) ||| Estonia   (no references) ||| Finland   (Koponen et al., 2016) ||| France   (no references) ||| Germany   (no references) ||| Italy   (Pantini & Isaia, 2019) ||| Italy / Sicily   (Pantini & Isaia, 2019) ||| Latvia   (Cera, 2018) ||| Liechtenstein   (no references) ||| Lithuania   (no references) ||| Montenegro   (no references) ||| Netherlands   (no references) ||| North Macedonia   (no references) ||| Norway   (Aakra & Hauge, 2003) ||| Poland   (no references) ||| Romania   (no references) ||| Russia, Central   (no references) ||| Russia, Eastern   (no references) ||| Russia, Northern   (no references) ||| Russia, Southern   (Otto, 2020) ||| Russia, Western   (no references) ||| Serbia   (no references) ||| Slovakia   (no references) ||| Sweden   (Kronestedt, 2001) ||| Switzerland   (no references) ||| Turkey (Asia)   (Danışman et al., 2019) ||| Ukraine   (Polchaninova & Prokopenko, 2019) |||
References

Aakra K, Hauge E (2003) Checklist of Norwegian spiders (Arachnida: Araneae), including Svalbard and Jan Mayen. Norwegian Journal of Entomology 50: 109-129 pdf

Blagoev G, Deltshev C, Lazarov S, Naumova M (2018) The spiders (Araneae) of Bulgaria. Version: August 2018. National Museum of Natural History, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences. Online at http://www.nmnhs.com/spiders-bulgaria/ (accessed on 10.9.2018) pdf

Cera I (2018) The checklist of Latvian spiders (Arachnida: Araneae). Environmental and Experimental Biology 16: 139-152 pdf

Danışman T, Kunt K B, Özkütük R S (2019) The checklist of the spiders of Turkey. Version 2019 [last updated 1 June 2019], online at http://www.spidersofturkey.info pdf

Ivanov V V (2013) The checklist of Belarusian spiders (Arachnida, Araneae). Zoology and Ecology 4: 293-311 pdf

Koponen S, Fritzén N R, Pajunen T (2016) Checklist of spiders in Finland (Araneae). 6th version, December 2016, online at http://biolcoll.utu.fi/arach/checklist_of_spiders_in_Finland.htm pdf

Kronestedt T (2001) Checklist of Spiders (Araneae) in Sweden [Preliminary version February 2001] pdf

Løvbrekke H (unpubl.)

Noordam A P (1992) Gnaphosidae (Araneae) of the Netherlands, drawings, some notes, and some thoughts about ant-mimicry. viii & 16 pp. Published by the author. pdf

Otto S (2020) Caucasian spiders. A faunistic database on the spiders of the Caucasus Ecoregion. Database version 03.2020. Internet: caucasus-spiders.info.

Ovtsharenko V I, Platnick N I, Song D X (1992) A review of the North Asian ground spiders of the genus Gnaphosa (Araneae, Gnaphosidae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 212: 1-88 pdf

Pantini P, Isaia M (2019) Araneae.it: the online catalog of Italian spiders, with addenda on other arachnid orders occurring in Italy (Arachnida: Araneae, Opiliones, Palpigradi, Pseudoscorpionida, Scorpiones, Solifugae). http://araneae.it. Fragmenta Entomologica 51: 127-152 pdf

Polchaninova N, Prokopenko E (2019) An updated checklist of spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) of Left-Bank Ukraine. Arachnologische Mitteilungen 57: 60-64 & App pdf

Roberts M J (1998) Spinnengids. Tirion, Baarn, Netherlands, 397 pp. pdf

Tullgren A (1946) Svensk spindelfauna. 3. Egentiliga spinddlar. Araneae Fam 5-7. Clubionidae, Zoridae och Gnaphosidae. Stockholm (Entomol Fören.): 141 pp. pdf

WSC (2021) World Spider Catalog. Version 21.5. Natural History Museum Bern, online at http://wsc.nmbe.ch (03.01.2021) doi: 10.24436/2 pdf

Updates
04-11-2015 Image insert
11-08-2015 Image insert