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Gnaphosidae  Pocock, 1898 / Gnaphosa  Latreille, 1804   69 species

Gnaphosa leporina  (L. Koch, 1866)

WSC LSID urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:027241

Key to genera | Key to species

Description

Bulbus with stout thorn, directed dorsally. Epigyne with scapus almost reaching margin of epigyne. Prosoma orange-brown to dark grey-brown. Legs brighter than prosoma. Opisthosoma orange-brown to dark grey-brown.

Body length male: 5.4-6.7 mm
Body length female: 4.7-8.4 mm
Additional information

In humid and dry heathland and raised bogs, from the lowland up to nival zone

Distribution
  Presence
  No data
Global distribution (WSC 2022): Europe, Turkey, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to South Siberia), Iran, Central Asia, China
Phenology
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
 male  female
single females also October-May
Figures
species

male Pedipalp, ventral view
(Ovtsharenko et al. 1992)

species

male Pedipalp
(Ovtsharenko et al. 1992)

species

male Pedipalp
(Locket & Millidge 1951)

species

male Pedipalp, ventral view
(Løvbrekke unpubl.)

species

male Tip of pedipalp
(Locket & Millidge 1951)

species

male Palpal tibia
(Løvbrekke unpubl.)

species

female Epigyne
(Azheganova 1968)

species

female Epigyne
(Brændegaard 1966)

species

female Epigyne
(Ovtsharenko et al. 1992)

species

female Epigyne
(Roberts 1995)

species

female Epigyne
(Locket & Millidge 1951)

species

female Epigyne, ventral view
(Løvbrekke unpubl.)

species

female Vulva
(Ovtsharenko et al. 1992)

species

female Vulva, ventral view
(Tullgren 1946)

species

female Vulva, dorsal view
(Løvbrekke unpubl.)

species

female Prosoma, dorsal view
(Løvbrekke unpubl.)

species

female Tibia I, retrolateral view
(Løvbrekke unpubl.)

species

female Tibia IV, retrolateral view
(Løvbrekke unpubl.)

Distribution List
Andorra   (Branco et al., 2019) ||| Austria   (no references) ||| Azerbaijan   (Otto, 2022) ||| Belgium   (no references) ||| Bulgaria   (Blagoev et al., 2018) ||| Denmark   (no references) ||| Estonia   (no references) ||| Finland   (Koponen et al., 2016) ||| France   (no references) ||| Georgia   (Otto, 2022) ||| Germany   (no references) ||| Italy   (Pantini & Isaia, 2019) ||| Latvia   (Cera, 2018) ||| Liechtenstein   (no references) ||| Netherlands   (no references) ||| Norway   (Aakra & Hauge, 2003) ||| Romania   (no references) ||| Russia, Eastern   (no references) ||| Russia, Northern   (no references) ||| Russia, Southern   (Otto, 2022) ||| Spain   (Branco et al., 2019) ||| Sweden   (Kronestedt, 2001) ||| Switzerland   (no references) ||| Turkey (Asia)   (Danışman et al., 2021a) ||| Ukraine   (Polchaninova & Prokopenko, 2019) ||| United Kingdom   (Lavery, 2019) |||
References

Aakra K, Hauge E (2003) Checklist of Norwegian spiders (Arachnida: Araneae), including Svalbard and Jan Mayen. Norwegian Journal of Entomology 50: 109-129 pdf

Azheganova N S (1968) Kratkii opredelitel' paukov (Aranei) lesnoi i lesostepnoi zony SSSR. Akademia Nauk SSSR, 149pp. pdf

Blagoev G, Deltshev C, Lazarov S, Naumova M (2018) The spiders (Araneae) of Bulgaria. Version: August 2018. National Museum of Natural History, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences. Online at http://www.nmnhs.com/spiders-bulgaria/ (accessed on 10.9.2018) pdf

Branco V V, Morano E, Cardoso P (2019) An update to the Iberian spider checklist (Araneae). Zootaxa 4614: 201-254 pdf

Brændegaard J (1966) Edderkopper: Eller Spindlere I Danmarks Fauna 72: 1-224 pdf

Cera I (2018) The checklist of Latvian spiders (Arachnida: Araneae). Environmental and Experimental Biology 16: 139-152 pdf

Danışman T, Kunt K B, Özkütük R S (2021a) The checklist of the spiders of Turkey. Version 2021 [last updated 1 January 2021], online at http://www.spidersofturkey.info pdf

Koponen S, Fritzén N R, Pajunen T (2016) Checklist of spiders in Finland (Araneae). 6th version, December 2016, online at http://biolcoll.utu.fi/arach/checklist_of_spiders_in_Finland.htm pdf

Kronestedt T (2001) Checklist of Spiders (Araneae) in Sweden [Preliminary version February 2001] pdf

Lavery A (2019) A revised checklist of the spiders of Great Britain and Ireland. Arachnology 18: 196-212 pdf

Locket G H, Millidge A F (1951) British spiders. Vol. I. Ray Society, London, 310 pp. pdf

Løvbrekke H (unpubl.)

Otto S (2022) Caucasian spiders. A faunistic database on the spiders of the Caucasus Ecoregion. Database version 02.2022. Internet: caucasus-spiders.info.

Ovtsharenko V I, Platnick N I, Song D X (1992) A review of the North Asian ground spiders of the genus Gnaphosa (Araneae, Gnaphosidae). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 212: 1-88 pdf

Pantini P, Isaia M (2019) Araneae.it: the online catalog of Italian spiders, with addenda on other arachnid orders occurring in Italy (Arachnida: Araneae, Opiliones, Palpigradi, Pseudoscorpionida, Scorpiones, Solifugae). Fragmenta Entomologica 51: 127-152 pdf

Polchaninova N Y, Prokopenko E V (2013) Catalogue of the spiders (Arachnida, Aranei) of Left-Bank Ukraine. Arthropoda Selecta (Suppl.) 2: 1-268 pdf

Polchaninova N, Prokopenko E (2019) An updated checklist of spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) of Left-Bank Ukraine. Arachnologische Mitteilungen 57: 60-64 & App pdf

Roberts M J (1995) Collins Field Guide: Spiders of Britain & Northern Europe. HarperCollins, London, 383 pp. pdf

Tullgren A (1946) Svensk spindelfauna. 3. Egentiliga spinddlar. Araneae Fam 5-7. Clubionidae, Zoridae och Gnaphosidae. Stockholm (Entomol Fören.): 141 pp. pdf

WSC (2022) World Spider Catalog. Version 23.5. Natural History Museum Bern, online at http://wsc.nmbe.ch (21.07.2022) doi: 10.24436/2 pdf

Updates
29-08-2016 Image insert
02-02-2016 Image insert
25-04-2015 Distribution update Detail