Xysticus cristatus (Clerck, 1757)
Description
Male palp with 2 apophyses: one median, hammer-shaped, whereas the branches are unequally long and tapering. Second apophysis lying prolaterally, punnet-shaped with small inconspicuous tooth in the middle. Female: palp provided with dense robust spines. Ventral tibial apophysis broad at base and slanting distal edge. Retrolateral apophysis broad at base and tapering toward the tip. Embolus characteristic, fine, divided into 2 small tips at its end. Epigyne consists of 2 distinctly sclerotised, C-shaped pits and a median septum not too slender, pits can be plugged with a dark secretion drop. Vulva with entrance duct characteristically bent toward anterior part and then strongly toward posterior before passing over to receptacula. Prosoma contrastingly white and dark brown, laterally with broad black stripes, median triangle large, with distinct black spot posteriorly, margined arc-like on each side by bright stripes. Sternum medially white, with small brown spots or marbled brown on beige background (very variable), margin of sternum yellow to beige-brown. Chelicerae brown, to beige, frontally with several short and one longer spine. Legs brown, longitudinally striped, mostly darker dorsally, retrolaterally with longish hairless areas. Opisthosoma very variable in colour (female slightly brighter overall), distinctly patterned with characteristic light brown-ochre triangles on dark background. Spinnerets brown, with white border.
Body length male: 3.5-6.1 mmBody length female: 4.7-8 mm
Additional information
Near the ground on low plants, euryoecious, occurring up to approximately 1000 m.
Distribution
Phenology
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
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Figures
Pedipalp, ventral view
(Brændegaard 1966)
Pedipalp, ventral view
(Roberts 1995)
Pedipalp, ventral view
(Palmgren 1983)
Pedipalp, ventral view
(Jantscher 2001b)
Pedipalp, ventral view
(Locket & Millidge 1951)
Pedipalp, retrolateral view
(Heimer & Nentwig 1991)
Pedipalp, retrolateral view
(Jantscher 2001b)
Pedipalp
(Azheganova 1968)
Pedipalp, ventral view
(Jantscher 2001a)
Pedipalp, retrolateral view
(Jantscher 2001a)
Pedipalp, ventral view
(Løvbrekke unpubl.)
Embolus
(Løvbrekke unpubl.)
Tip of embolus, ventral view
(Jantscher 2001b)
Tip of embolus
(Palmgren 1983)
Median apophysis
(Løvbrekke unpubl.)
Tutaculum, ventral view
(Jantscher 2001a)
Epigyne
(Roberts 1995)
Epigyne
(Brændegaard 1966)
Epigyne
(Jäger 1995a)
Epigyne
(Vilbaste 1969)
Epigyne
(Jantscher 2001b)
Epigyne
(Jantscher 2001b)
Epigyne
(Azheganova 1968)
Epigyne
(Locket & Millidge 1951)
Epigyne
(Jantscher 2001a)
Epigyne
(Løvbrekke unpubl.)
Vulva
(Heimer & Nentwig 1991)
Vulva, dorsal view
(Jantscher 2001b)
Vulva, dorsal view
(Jantscher 2001b)
Vulva
(Jäger 1995a)
Vulva
(Vilbaste 1969)
Vulva, ventral view
(Palmgren 1983)
Vulva, dorsal view
(Jantscher 2001a)
Vulva
(Løvbrekke unpubl.)
Habitus
(Brændegaard 1966)
Distribution List
References
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