Gnaphosa occidentalis Simon, 1878
Description
Male
Very similar to G. lugubris, but palpal tibial apophysis with bifid tip.
Body length male: 9-11 mmFemale
Very similar to G. lugubris, but epigyne broader relative to the central tongue. Prosoma length: 5.0 mm, prosoma width: 3.5 mm.
Body length female: 10-12.8 mmAdditional information
Under stones and detritus in dry habitats.
Distribution
Phenology
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
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Figures
Pedipalp, ventral view
(Locket et al. 1974)
Pedipalp
(Locket & Millidge 1951)
Pedipalp, prolateral view
(Lecigne 2018a)
Pedipalp, prolateral view
(Lecigne 2018a)
Pedipalp, retrolateral view
(Lecigne 2018a)
Pedipalp, ventral view
(Lecigne 2018a)
Pedipalp, ventral view
(Lecigne 2018a)
Tip of pedipalp
(Locket & Millidge 1951)
Bulbal apophysis, retrolateral view
(Lecigne 2018a)
Palpal tibia
(Locket et al. 1974)
Palpal tibia, dorso-retrolateral view
(Lecigne 2018a)
Palpal tibia, dorso-retrolateral view
(Lecigne 2018a)
Tibial apophysis
(Locket & Millidge 1951)
Epigyne
(Locket & Millidge 1951)
Epigyne
(Lecigne 2018a)
Epigyne
(Lecigne 2018a)
Epigyne
(Iorio unpubl.)
Vulva, dorsal view
(Lecigne 2018a)
Vulva
(Lecigne 2018a)
Vulva, ventral view
(Lecigne 2018a)
Vulva, dorsal view
(Breitling 2020)
Distribution List
References
Benhalima S, Bosmans R (2024) First historical checklist of spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) from Morocco, between 1840–2024. Zootaxa 5555: 407-535 
Blagoev G (2002) Check list of Macedonian spiders (Araneae). Acta Zoologica Bulgarica 54: 9-34
Branco V V, Morano E, Cardoso P (2019) An update to the Iberian spider checklist (Araneae). Zootaxa 4614: 201-254
Breitling R (2020) South European spiders from the Duffey collection in the Manchester Museum (Arachnida: Araneae). Arachnology 18: 333-362
Deltshev C D, Ćurčić B P M, Blagoev GA (2003b) The spiders of Serbia. Inst. Zoology, Fac. Biology, Belgrade & Inst. Zoology, Bulg. Acad. Sci., Sofia. 832 pp.
Iorio E (unpubl.) .
Isaia M, Tolve M, Pantini P (2025) Araneae.it: 2.0: the new updated version of the digital catalog of the Italian spiders and other arachnids (Arachnida: Araneae, Opiliones, Scorpiones, Pseudoscorpiones, Palpigradi, Solifugae). Fragmenta Entomologica 57: 197-204
Kostanjšek R, Kuntner M (2015) Araneae Sloveniae: a national spider species checklist. ZooKeys 474: 1-91
Lavery A (2019) A revised checklist of the spiders of Great Britain and Ireland. Arachnology 18: 196-212
Le Peru B (2007) Catalogue et répartition des araignées de France. Revue Arachnologique 16: 1-468
Lecigne S (2018a) Gnaphosa ogeri n.sp., a new species from France (Araneae: Gnaphosidae). Nieuwsbrief van de Belgische Arachnologische Vereniging 33: 45-58
Locket G H, Millidge A F (1951) British spiders. Vol. I. Ray Society, London, 310 pp.
Locket G H, Millidge A F, Merrett P (1974) British Spiders, Volume III. Ray Society, London, 315 pp.
WSC (2026) World Spider Catalog. Version 27. Natural History Museum Bern, online at http://wsc.nmbe.ch (13.2.2026) doi: 10.24436/2