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Theridiidae  Sundevall, 1833 / Robertus  O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1879   19 species

Robertus scoticus  Jackson, 1914

WSC LSID urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:007990

Key to genera | Key to species

Description

Epigyne with small groove, directly at strongly sclerotised part of epigastric furrow. Entrance ducts longer than diameter of receptacula seminis. Prosoma dark yellow-brown. Sternum yellow-brown. Chelicerae yellow-brown. Legs yellow-brown. Tarsus darker than legs. Opisthosoma light grey, sometimes very bright yellowish orange to almost white.

Body length male: 1.7-2 mm
Body length female: 2 mm
Additional information

In very damp localities, in woodland and bogs, often under the ground in crevices and mammal burrows

Frequency: Widely distributed

Distribution
  Presence
  No data
Global distribution (WSC 2021): Europe, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to Middle Siberia)
Phenology
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
 male  female
Figures
species

male Pedipalp
(Miller 1967)

species

male Pedipalp
(Wiehle 1937)

species

male Pedipalp
(Bauchhenss & Uhlenhaut 1993)

species

male Pedipalp
(Roberts 1995)

species

male Pedipalp
(Locket et al. 1974)

species

male Pedipalp, retrolateral view
(Løvbrekke unpubl.)

species

male Cymbium, dorsal view
(Locket et al. 1974)

species

female Palpal claw
(Wunderlich 1976)

species

female Epigyne
(Miller 1967)

species

female Epigyne
(Roberts 1995)

species

female Epigyne
(Wiehle 1937)

species

female Epigyne
(Wiehle 1937)

species

female Epigyne
(Locket & Millidge 1953)

species

female Epigyne
(Løvbrekke unpubl.)

species

female Epigyne
(Fjellberg unpubl.)

species

female Vulva
(Bauchhenss & Uhlenhaut 1993)

species

female Vulva
(Miller 1967)

species

female Vulva
(Løvbrekke unpubl.)

species

female Vulva
(Fjellberg unpubl.)

Distribution List
Austria   (no references) ||| Belgium   (no references) ||| Bulgaria   (Blagoev et al., 2018) ||| Czechia   (no references) ||| Denmark   (no references) ||| Estonia   (no references) ||| Finland   (Koponen et al., 2016) ||| France   (no references) ||| Georgia   (Otto, 2020) ||| Germany   (no references) ||| Italy   (Pantini & Isaia, 2019) ||| Latvia   (Cera, 2018) ||| Liechtenstein   (no references) ||| Lithuania   (no references) ||| Netherlands   (no references) ||| Norway   (Aakra & Hauge, 2003) ||| Poland   (no references) ||| Portugal   (Branco et al., 2019) ||| Romania   (no references) ||| Russia, Central   (no references) ||| Russia, Eastern   (no references) ||| Russia, Kaliningrad Region   (no references) ||| Russia, Northern   (no references) ||| Slovakia   (no references) ||| Slovenia   (Kostanjšek & Kuntner, 2015) ||| Spain   (Branco et al., 2019) ||| Sweden   (Kronestedt, 2001) ||| Switzerland   (no references) ||| Ukraine   (no references) ||| United Kingdom   (no references) |||
References

Aakra K, Hauge E (2003) Checklist of Norwegian spiders (Arachnida: Araneae), including Svalbard and Jan Mayen. Norwegian Journal of Entomology 50: 109-129 pdf

Bauchhenss E, Uhlenhaut H (1993) Robertus kuehnae n.sp., eine neue Kleintheridiide aus Mitteleuropa (Arachnida, Araneae, Theridiidae). Entomologische Nachrichten und Berichte 37: 25-28 pdf

Blagoev G, Deltshev C, Lazarov S, Naumova M (2018) The spiders (Araneae) of Bulgaria. Version: August 2018. National Museum of Natural History, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences. Online at http://www.nmnhs.com/spiders-bulgaria/ (accessed on 10.9.2018) pdf

Branco V V, Morano E, Cardoso P (2019) An update to the Iberian spider checklist (Araneae). Zootaxa 4614: 201-254 pdf

Cera I (2018) The checklist of Latvian spiders (Arachnida: Araneae). Environmental and Experimental Biology 16: 139-152 pdf

Fjellberg A (unpubl.)

Hirna A, Gnelitsa V, Zhukovets E (2016) A checklist of the spiders (Araneae) of the Chornohora Mountain massif (Ukrainian Carpathians). Arachnologische Mitteilungen 51: 16-38 pdf

Koponen S, Fritzén N R, Pajunen T (2016) Checklist of spiders in Finland (Araneae). 6th version, December 2016, online at http://biolcoll.utu.fi/arach/checklist_of_spiders_in_Finland.htm pdf

Kostanjšek R, Kuntner M (2015) Araneae Sloveniae: a national spider species checklist. ZooKeys 474: 1-91 pdf

Kronestedt T (2001) Checklist of Spiders (Araneae) in Sweden [Preliminary version February 2001] pdf

Locket G H, Millidge A F (1953) British spiders. Vol. II. Ray Society, London, 449 pp. pdf

Locket G H, Millidge A F, Merrett P (1974) British Spiders, Volume III. Ray Society, London, 315 pp. pdf

Løvbrekke H (unpubl.)

Miller F (1967) Studien über die Kopulationsorgane der Spinnengattung Zelotes, Micaria, Robertus und Dipoena nebst Beschreibung einiger neuen oder unvollkommen bekannten Spinnenarten. Přírodovědné práce ústavů Československé Akademie Věd v Brně (N.S.) 1: 251-298 pdf

Otto S (2020) Caucasian spiders. A faunistic database on the spiders of the Caucasus Ecoregion. Database version 03.2020. Internet: caucasus-spiders.info.

Pantini P, Isaia M (2019) Araneae.it: the online catalog of Italian spiders, with addenda on other arachnid orders occurring in Italy (Arachnida: Araneae, Opiliones, Palpigradi, Pseudoscorpionida, Scorpiones, Solifugae). Fragmenta Entomologica 51: 127-152 pdf

Roberts M J (1995) Collins Field Guide: Spiders of Britain & Northern Europe. HarperCollins, London, 383 pp. pdf

Wiehle H (1937) Spinnentiere oder Arachnoidea, VIII. 26: Familie Theridiidae oder Haubennetzspinnen (Kugelspinnen). Die Tierwelt Deutschlands 33: 119-222 pdf

WSC (2021) World Spider Catalog. Version 22.0. Natural History Museum Bern, online at http://wsc.nmbe.ch (29.05.2021) doi: 10.24436/2 pdf

Wunderlich J (1976) Zur Kenntnis der mitteleuropäischen Arten der Gattung Enoplognatha Pavesi und Robertus O. Pick. Cambridge Senckenbergiana Biologica 57: 97-112 pdf

Updates
06-01-2020 Image insert
10-09-2018 Image insert
04-03-2016 Distribution update Detail
18-12-2014 Image insert