Zoropsidae  Bertkau, 1882 / Zoropsis  Simon, 1878   9 species

Zoropsis spinimana  (Dufour, 1820)

Description

Male palp with hook-shaped median apophysis. Cymbium dorsally with a field of short, dense bristles. Conductor transparent. Embolus short, blunt. Epigyne with long, narrow, finger-shaped scapus. Prosoma yellow-whitish with extended black pattern. Eye field white. Legs yellowish-grey, annulated with black. Opisthosoma yellow-whitish anteriorly, black pattern medially, grey posteriorly.

Body length male: 10-13 mm
Body length female: 10-19 mm
Additional information

In open woodland, under stones and bark, often synanthropic in and on buildings. Females sit in a brood chamber on the cocoon and apparently do not leave it anymore, egg laying in spring, maturity in autumn, lives one year.

This species can bite humans, usually when they try to catch or remove it with their hands (in urban areas, mainly in buildings). The bite is not very painful and an occasional moderate local swelling disappears within a few hours (Nentwig et al. 2013).

Since a few decades, this species shows some spreading tendencies within Europe. Nevertheless, it shall not be listed as alien or invasive because it is native for Europe.

Distribution
  Presence
  No data
Global distribution (WSC 2024): Europe, North Africa, Turkey, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to Far East), Central Asia, China, Japan. Introduced to USA, Azores
Phenology
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
 male  female
Figures
Distribution List

"No references" does not mean that the species does not occur in this country, but that we have not yet inserted the reference for it. We are working on it.

Albania   (Deltshev et al., 2011b) ||| Algeria   (Benhacene et al., 2023) ||| Austria   (Thaler & Knoflach, 1998c) ||| Azores (Pt.)   (no references) ||| Belgium   (Bosmans & Van Keer, 2017) ||| Bulgaria   (Blagoev et al., 2018) ||| Canary Islands (Sp.)   (no references) ||| Croatia   (Milosevic, 2002) ||| Czechia   (Dolejš & Prudek, 2019; Rückl, 2022; Růžička & Řezáč, 2022a) ||| France   (Le Peru, 2007) ||| France / Corsica   (Le Peru, 2007) ||| Georgia   (Otto, 2022) ||| Germany   (Blick et al., 2016) ||| Hungary   (Szinetár et al., 2014) ||| Italy   (Pantini & Isaia, 2019) ||| Italy / Sardinia   (Pantini & Isaia, 2019) ||| Italy / Sicily   (Pantini & Isaia, 2019) ||| Libya   (Bosmans, unpubl.) ||| Luxembourg   (Kreuels et al., 2019) ||| Malta   (Pfliegler et al., 2017) ||| Moldova   (Vasiliev & Mikhailov, 2023) ||| Morocco   (Bosmans, unpubl.) ||| Netherlands   (van Helsdingen, 2015b) ||| Poland   (Gierlasiński & Wrzoł, 2023) ||| Portugal   (Branco et al., 2019) ||| Russia, Southern   (Otto, 2022) ||| Serbia   (Grbić & Marinković, 2023) ||| Slovakia   (Purgat et al., 2021a) ||| Slovenia   (Kostanjšek & Kuntner, 2015) ||| Spain   (Branco et al., 2019) ||| Spain / Balearic Islands   (Branco et al., 2019) ||| Switzerland   (Hänggi & Zürcher, 2013; Hänggi, 2003) ||| Tunisia   (Bosmans, unpubl.) ||| Turkey (Asia)   (Danışman et al., 2024a) ||| Ukraine   (Nadolny, 2016) ||| United Kingdom   (Harvey, 2012; Lavery, 2019) |||
References

Benhacene R, Adjami A, Hadjeb A, Kermiche K, Ouakid M L (2023) Bibliographic checklist of the Algerian spider fauna (Araneae). Zootaxa 5352: 301-357 pdf

Blagoev G, Deltshev C, Lazarov S, Naumova M (2018) The spiders (Araneae) of Bulgaria. Version: August 2018. National Museum of Natural History, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences. Online at http://www.nmnhs.com/spiders-bulgaria/ (accessed on 10.9.2018) pdf

Blick T, Finch O-D, Harms K H, Kiechle J, Kielhorn K-H , Kreuels M, Malten A, Martin D, Muster C, Nährig D, Platen R, Rödel I, Scheidler M, Staudt A, Stumpf H, Tolke D (2016) Rote Liste und Gesamtartenliste der Spinnen (Arachnida: Araneae) Deutschlands. 3. Fassung, Stand April 2008, einzelne Änderungen und Nachträge bis August 2015. Naturschutz und Biologische Vielfalt 70/4: 383-510 pdf

Bosmans R, Van Keer K (2017) Een herziene soortenlijst van de Belgische spinnen (Araneae). Nieuwsbrief van de Belgische Arachnologische Vereniging 32: 39-69 pdf

Bosmans R. (unpubl.) Provisional list of spiders of North Africa. Database excerpt Aug. 2019

Branco V V, Morano E, Cardoso P (2019) An update to the Iberian spider checklist (Araneae). Zootaxa 4614: 201-254 pdf

Danışman T, Kunt K B, Özkütük R S, Coşar İ (2024a) The checklist of the spiders of Turkey. Version 2024 [last updated 01 January 2024], online at http://www.spidersofturkey.info pdf

Deltshev C, Vrenozi B, Blagoev G, Lazarov S (2011b) Spiders of Albania – faunistic and zoogeographical review (Arachnida: Araneae). Acta Zoologica Bulgarica 63: 125-144 pdf

Dolejš P, Prudek M (2019) Zoropsis spinimana in the Czech Republic? Pavouk 46: 5 pdf

Gierlasiński G, Wrzoł M (2023) Zoropsis spinimana (Dufour, 1820) (Araneae: Zoropsidae) in Poland. Acta Entomologica Silesiana 31(004): 1-4 pdf

Grbić G, Marinković N (2023) A new resident of Belgrade (Serbia), the Mediterranean spider Zoropsis spinimana (Dufour, 1820). Acta Entomologica Serbica 28: 103-111 pdf

Griswold C E, Ubick D (2001) Zoropsidae: a spider family newly introduced to the USA (Araneae, Entelegynae, Lycosoidea). Journal of Arachnology 29: 111-113 pdf

Hänggi A (2003) Nachträge zum "Katalog der schweizerischen Spinnen" - 3. Neunachweise von 1999 bis 2002 und Nachweise synanthroper Spinnen Arachnologische Mitteilungen 26: 36-54 pdf

Hänggi A, Zürcher I (2013) Zoropsis spinimana – eine mediterrane Spinne ist in Basel (NW-Schweiz) heimisch geworden. Mitteilungen der Naturforschenden Gesellschaften beider Basel 14: 125-134 pdf

Harvey P (2012) Zoropsis spinimana (Dufour, 1820) established indoors in Britain. Newsletter of the British Arachnological Society 125: 20-21 pdf

Helsdingen P J van (2015b) Binnenwandelende exoten. Nieuwsbrief SPINED 35: 33-34 pdf

Kostanjšek R, Kuntner M (2015) Araneae Sloveniae: a national spider species checklist. ZooKeys 474: 1-91 pdf

Kreuels M, Staudt A, Christian S (2019) Die Spinnenfauna von Luxemburg – eine Zusammenstellung der Nachweise aus den Jahren 1906-2018 (Arachnida: Araneae). Bulletin de la Société des naturalistes luxembourgeois 121: 203-230 pdf

Lavery A (2019) A revised checklist of the spiders of Great Britain and Ireland. Arachnology 18: 196-212 pdf

Le Peru B (2007) Catalogue et répartition des araignées de France. Revue Arachnologique 16: 1-468 pdf

Milosevic B (2002) Aranea – Popis vrsta – Checklist. Hrvatsko entomološko društvo – Inventar entomofaune Hrvatske [Aranea – List of species – Checklist. Croatian Entomological Society – Inventory of Croatian entomofauna]. pdf

Murphy F, Murphy J (2000) An introduction to the spiders of South East Asia with notes on all the genera. Malaysian Nature Society, Kuala Lumpur, 388 pp. pdf

Nadolny A A (2016) The first record of Zoropsis spinimana (Aranei, Zoropsidae) in the Crimea. Zoology and Ecology 26: 127-128 pdf

Nentwig W, Gnädinger M, Fuchs J, Ceschi A (2013) A two year study of verified spider bites in Switzerland and a review of the European spider bite literature. Toxicon 73: 104-110 pdf

Otto S (2022) Caucasian spiders. A faunistic database on the spiders of the Caucasus Ecoregion. Database version 02.2022. Internet: caucasus-spiders.info.

Pantini P, Isaia M (2019) Araneae.it: the online catalog of Italian spiders, with addenda on other arachnid orders occurring in Italy (Arachnida: Araneae, Opiliones, Palpigradi, Pseudoscorpionida, Scorpiones, Solifugae). Fragmenta Entomologica 51: 127-152 pdf

Pesarini C (unpubl.)

Pfliegler W A, Schönhofer A, Niedbała W, Vella P, Sciberras A, Vella A (2017) New records of mites (Acari) and harvestmen (Opiliones) from Malta with a preliminary checklist of Maltese Arachnida. Soil Organisms 89: 85-110 pdf

Purgat P, Ondrejková N, Krumpálova Z, Gajdoš P, Hurajtová N (2021a) Tegenaria hasperi Chyzer, 1897 and Zoropsis spinimana (Dufour, 1820), newly recorded synanthropic spiders from Slovakia (Araneae, Agelenidae, Zoropsidae). Check List 17: 775-782 pdf

Rückl K (2022) Pazora slíďákovitá opět v České republice. Zoropsis spinimana in the Czech Republic. Pavouk 52: 19-22 pdf

Růžička V, Řezáč M (2022a) Seznam pavouků České republiky. List of spiders of the Czech Republic. Online at https://www.arachnology.cz/seznam-pavouku-cr-26.html and https://www.arachnology.cz/en/seznam-pavouku-cr-26.html pdf

Sánchez-Álvarez J, Cisneros P, González-Casarrubios A, Morano E (2023) Primera cita de Zoropsis spinimana (Dufour, 1820) (Araneae: Zoropsidae) para la Comunidad de Madrid (España). Revista Ibérica de Aracnología 43: 95-96 pdf

Szinetár C, Török T, Szűts T (2014) Zoropsis spinimana, mint új épületlakó pókfaj magyarországon [Zoropsis spinimana (Dufour, 1820) new synantrop spider species in Hungary]. A Nyme Savaria Egyetemi Központ Tudományos Közleményei XX. Természettudományok 15: 105-113 pdf

Thaler K, Knoflach B (1998c) Zoropsis spinimana (Dufour), eine für Österreich neue Adventivart (Araneae, Zoropsidae). Berichte des Naturwissenschaftlich-Medizinischen Vereins in Innsbruck 85: 173-185 pdf

Vasiliev A I, Mikhailov K G (2023) Annotated checklist of spiders (Araneae) of the Republic of Moldova. Invertebrate Zoology 20: 307-342 pdf

WSC (2024) World Spider Catalog. Version 25.0. Natural History Museum Bern, online at http://wsc.nmbe.ch (22.01.2024) doi: 10.24436/2 pdf

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