Tetragnathidae: Tetragnatha Latreille, 1804

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1

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 Opisthosoma tail-like elongated, reaching beyond spinnerets; colouration uniformly light yellow; tip of conductor, male chelicerae and epigyne as figs.

Tetragnatha reimoseri (Roșca, 1939)
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male Pedipalp, prolateral view
(Wiehle 1963a)

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male Pedipalp, retrolateral view
(Wiehle 1963a)

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male Tip of conductor
(Wiehle 1963a)
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female Epigyne
(Wiehle 1963a)

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female Vulva
(Wiehle 1963a)

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female Eyes, dorsal view
(Wiehle 1963a)
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female Eyes, frontal view
(Wiehle 1963a)

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female Chelicerae, dorsal view
(Wiehle 1963a)

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Habitus
(Roberts 1998)
- Opisthosoma not tail-like elongated, body not unicoloured

  2  
2
(1)		 Sternum uniformly dark, almost black or yellowish brown

  4  
- Sternum medially with yellow longitudinal stripe

  3  
3
(2)

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 Body length of males 6-9 mm, females 11-12 mm; male chelicerae very long, divergent; pedipalp and vulva as figs.

Tetragnatha extensa (Linnaeus, 1758)
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male Pedipalp, prolateral view
(Wiehle 1963a)

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male Pedipalp, retrolateral view
(Roberts 1998)

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male Pedipalp, retrolateral view
(Wiehle 1963a)
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male Tip of pedipalp
(Locket & Millidge 1953)

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male Conductor
(Tullgren 1947)

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male Chelicerae, prolateral view
(Tullgren 1947)
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male Chelicera, dorsal view
(Locket & Millidge 1953)

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male Tip of condyle
(Tullgren 1947)

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male Tip of condyle
(Wiehle 1963a)
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female Epigyne
(Roberts 1998)

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female Vulva
(Azheganova 1968)

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female Vulva
(Roberts 1998)
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female Vulva, ventral view
(Tullgren 1947)

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female Vulva, ventral view
(Tullgren 1947)

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female Vulva
(Wiehle 1963a)
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female Chelicerae, dorsal view
(Locket & Millidge 1953)

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Sternum
(Roberts 1998)
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 Body length of males 4.5-5.0 mm, females 5.0-6 mm; pedipalp and epigyne as figs.

Tetragnatha pinicola L. Koch, 1870
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male Pedipalp, retrolateral view
(Roberts 1998)

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male Pedipalp, ventral view
(Wiehle 1963a)

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male Tip of pedipalp
(Locket & Millidge 1953)
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male Tip of conductor
(Tullgren 1947)

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male Tip of conductor
(Wiehle 1963a)

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male Chelicerae, dorsal view
(Azheganova 1968)
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male Chelicerae, prolateral view
(Tullgren 1947)

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male Chelicera, dorsal view
(Locket & Millidge 1953)

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female Epigyne
(Azheganova 1968)
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female Epigyne
(Roberts 1998)

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female Epigyne
(Locket & Millidge 1953)

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female Vulva
(Roberts 1998)
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female Vulva, dorsal view
(Tullgren 1947)

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female Vulva, ventral view
(Wiehle 1963a)

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female Prosoma, dorsal view
(Wiehle 1963a)
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female Chelicera
(Locket & Millidge 1953)

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Sternum
(Roberts 1998)
4
(2)

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 Dorsal tooth on male chelicerae ± as long as width at its base; epigynal plate ± as long as wide; receptaculum seminis small and club-shaped

Tetragnatha striata L. Koch, 1862
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male Pedipalp
(Wiehle 1963a)

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male Pedipalp, retrolateral view
(Roberts 1998)

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male Pedipalp, retrolateral view
(Wiehle 1963a)
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male Tip of conductor
(Tullgren 1947)

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male Tip of conductor
(Wiehle 1963a)

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male Chelicerae, dorsal view
(Azheganova 1968)
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male Chelicerae, dorsal view
(Heimer & Nentwig 1991)

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male Chelicerae, dorsal view
(Locket & Millidge 1953)

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female Epigyne
(Roberts 1998)
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female Epigyne
(Locket & Millidge 1953)

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female Vulva
(Roberts 1998)

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female Vulva
(Tullgren 1947)
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female Vulva
(Wiehle 1963a)

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female Prosoma, dorsal view
(Wiehle 1963a)

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female Chelicerae, dorsal view
(Locket & Millidge 1953)
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female Opisthosoma, dorsal view
(Wiehle 1963a)
- Dorsal tooth on male chelicerae considerably longer than width at its base; epigynal plate always wider than long

  5  
5
(4)

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 Lateral process of paracymbium mostly hook-shaped; next to dorsal tooth on male chelicerae a small round tubercle; posterior margin of epigynal plate straight or convex

Tetragnatha montana Simon, 1874
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male Pedipalp, prolateral view
(Wiehle 1963a)

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male Pedipalp, retrolateral view
(Wiehle 1963a)

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male Pedipalp, retrolateral view
(Roberts 1998)
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male Pedipalp, retrolateral view
(Locket & Millidge 1953)

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male Tip of pedipalp
(Locket & Millidge 1953)

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male Tip of conductor
(Tullgren 1947)
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male Tip of conductor
(Wiehle 1963a)

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male Chelicerae, dorsal view
(Azheganova 1968)

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male Chelicerae, dorsal view
(Heimer & Nentwig 1991)
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male Chelicerae, dorsal view
(Tullgren 1947)

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male Chelicera, dorsal view
(Locket & Millidge 1953)

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female Epigyne
(Roberts 1998)
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female Epigyne
(Locket & Millidge 1953)

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female Vulva
(Roberts 1998)

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female Vulva, dorsal view
(Tullgren 1947)
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female Vulva
(Wiehle 1963a)

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female Chelicerae, dorsal view
(Azheganova 1968)

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female Chelicera
(Locket & Millidge 1953)
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female Chelicera
(Locket & Millidge 1953)
- Lateral process of paracymbium rounded; posterior epigynal margin concave

  6  
6
(5)

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 Tip of conductor spoon-shaped; male and female chelicerae basally with distinct tubercle; lateral epigynal margins almost parallel; receptacula seminis ± equal in size

Tetragnatha nigrita Lendl, 1886
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male Pedipalp, prolateral view
(Wiehle 1963a)

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male Pedipalp, retrolateral view
(Roberts 1998)

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male Pedipalp, retrolateral view
(Wiehle 1963a)
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male Tip of pedipalp
(Locket & Millidge 1953)

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male Tip of conductor
(Tullgren 1947)

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male Tip of conductor
(Wiehle 1963a)
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male Chelicerae, dorsal view
(Tullgren 1947)

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male Chelicerae, prolateral view
(Tullgren 1947)

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male Chelicerae, dorsal view
(Locket & Millidge 1953)
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male Chelicera, ventral view
(Locket & Millidge 1953)

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female Epigyne
(Roberts 1998)

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female Epigyne
(Tullgren 1947)
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female Epigyne
(Wiehle 1963a)

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female Epigyne
(Locket & Millidge 1953)

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female Vulva
(Roberts 1998)
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female Vulva
(Tullgren 1947)

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female Vulva
(Wiehle 1963a)

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female Vulva
(Wiehle 1963a)
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female Chelicerae, dorsal view
(Locket & Millidge 1953)

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female Chelicerae, ventral view
(Locket & Millidge 1953)
- Tip of conductor hook-shaped; epigynal plate almost trapezoid

  7  
7
(6)

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 Body length of males 4.0-5.5 mm, females 4.5-6.5 mm; opisthosoma with bulged anterior part; male chelicerae, pedipalp and vulva as figs.

Tetragnatha obtusa C. L. Koch, 1837
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male Pedipalp, retrolateral view
(Roberts 1998)

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male Pedipalp, retrolateral view
(Wiehle 1963a)

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male Pedipalp, prolateral view
(Wiehle 1963a)
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male Tip of pedipalp
(Locket & Millidge 1953)

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male Tip of conductor
(Tullgren 1947)

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male Tip of conductor
(Wiehle 1963a)
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male Chelicerae, dorsal view
(Tullgren 1947)

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male Chelicerae, prolateral view
(Tullgren 1947)

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male Chelicerae, dorsal view
(Locket & Millidge 1953)
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female Epigyne
(Wiehle 1963a)

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female Epigyne
(Roberts 1998)

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female Epigyne
(Tullgren 1947)
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female Epigyne
(Locket & Millidge 1953)

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female Vulva
(Wiehle 1963a)

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female Vulva
(Roberts 1998)
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female Vulva
(Tullgren 1947)

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female Prosoma, dorsal view
(Wiehle 1963a)

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female Eyes, dorsal view
(Wiehle 1963a)
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female Chelicerae, ventral view
(Locket & Millidge 1953)

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female Chelicerae, ventral view
(Locket & Millidge 1953)

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female Opisthosoma, lateral view
(Wiehle 1963a)
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Prosoma, dorsal view
(Locket & Millidge 1953)
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 Body length of males 6.0-7.5 mm, females 8-10 mm; opisthosoma not conspicuously bulged anteriorly; male chelicerae, pedipalp and epigyne as figs.

Tetragnatha dearmata Thorell, 1873
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male Pedipalp, prolateral view
(Wiehle 1963a)

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male Pedipalp, retrolateral view
(Roberts 1998)

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male Pedipalp, retrolateral view
(Wiehle 1963a)
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male Tip of conductor
(Tullgren 1947)

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male Tip of conductor
(Wiehle 1963a)

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male Chelicerae, dorsal view
(Tullgren 1947)
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male Chelicerae, prolateral view
(Tullgren 1947)

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female Epigyne
(Roberts 1998)

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female Epigyne
(Tullgren 1947)
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female Epigyne
(Wiehle 1963a)

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female Vulva
(Roberts 1998)

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female Vulva
(Tullgren 1947)
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female Vulva
(Tullgren 1947)

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female Vulva
(Wiehle 1963a)

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female Vulva
(Wiehle 1963a)
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female Opisthosoma, lateral and dorsal view
(Wiehle 1963a)

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Eyes, dorsal view
(Wiehle 1963a)

Further taxa

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1. Tetragnatha bogotensis Keyserling, 1865

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male Pedipalp, lateral view
(Wiehle 1962)

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male Pedipalp, median view
(Wiehle 1962)

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male Bulbus, retrolateral view
(Morano 2020)
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male Embolus and conductor
(Wiehle 1962)

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male Paracymbium, ventral view
(Morano 2020)

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male Chelicera, dorsal view
(Wiehle 1962)
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male Cheliceral apophysis, dorsal view
(Wiehle 1962)

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male Cheliceral apophysis, lateral view
(Wiehle 1962)

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male Chelicera, ventral view
(Wiehle 1962)
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male Chelicera, dorsal view
(Morano 2020)

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male Habitus, lateral view
(Wiehle 1962)

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female Epigyne
(Wiehle 1962)
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female Epigyne
(Morano 2020)

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female Vulva
(Wiehle 1962)

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female Vulva, dorsal view
(Morano 2020)
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female Chelicera, dorsal view
(Wiehle 1962)

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female Chelicera, ventral view
(Wiehle 1962)

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female Chelicera, ventral view
(Morano 2020)

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2. Tetragnatha corsica Simon, 1929
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female Vulva, dorsal view
(Wunderlich 2011a)

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female Chelicera, frontal view
(Wunderlich 2011a)

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female Chelicera, posterior view
(Wunderlich 2011a)
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female Opisthosoma, lateral view
(Wunderlich 2011a)

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3. Tetragnatha demissa L. Koch, 1872
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male Pedipalp, prolateral view
(Bosmans et al. 2019c)

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male Pedipalp, retrolateral view
(Bosmans et al. 2019c)

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male Pedipalp, ventral view
(Bosmans et al. 2019c)
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male Embolus and conductor
(Bosmans et al. 2019c)

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male Embolus and conductor
(Bosmans et al. 2019c)

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male Embolus and conductor
(Bosmans et al. 2019c)
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male Embolus and conductor
(Bosmans et al. 2019c)

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male Embolus and conductor
(Bosmans et al. 2019c)

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male Embolus and conductor
(Bosmans et al. 2019c)
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male Chelicera, anterior view
(Bosmans et al. 2019c)

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male Chelicera, exterior view
(Bosmans et al. 2019c)

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male Chelicera, interior view
(Bosmans et al. 2019c)
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male Chelicera, posterior view
(Bosmans et al. 2019c)

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female Epigyne
(Bosmans et al. 2019c)

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female Vulva
(Bosmans et al. 2019c)
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female Eyes, dorsal view
(Bosmans et al. 2019c)

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female Chelicera, anterior view
(Bosmans et al. 2019c)

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female Chelicera, exterior view
(Bosmans et al. 2019c)
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female Chelicera, interior view
(Bosmans et al. 2019c)

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female Chelicera, posterior view
(Bosmans et al. 2019c)

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4. Tetragnatha extensa brachygnatha Thorell, 1873
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-- Caption missing --
(WSC 2025)

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5. Tetragnatha extensa pulchra Kulczyński, 1891
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-- Caption missing --
(WSC 2025)

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6. Tetragnatha flava (Audouin, 1826)
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female Eyes, frontal view
(Audouin 1826)

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female Gnathocoxae
(Audouin 1826)

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female Chelicera, posterior view
(Audouin 1826)
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female Habitus, lateral view
(Audouin 1826)

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female Habitus, dorsal view
(Audouin 1826)

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7. Tetragnatha intermedia Kulczyński, 1891
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male Pedipalp, ventral view
(Wunderlich 2011a)

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male Pedipalp, ventral view
(Breitling 2020)

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male Pedipalp, retrolateral view
(Rehfeldt & Cassar 2024)
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male Tip of bulbus, retrolateral view
(Morano 2020)

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male Tip of pedipalp, prolateral view
(Rehfeldt & Cassar 2024)

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male Embolus, retroventral view
(Wunderlich 2023)
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male Paracymbium
(Wunderlich 2011a)

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male Paracymbium
(Wunderlich 2011a)

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male Cymbium, dorsal view
(Wunderlich 2011a)
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male Sternum
(Wunderlich 2023)

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male Chelicera, lateral view
(Wunderlich 2011a)

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male Chelicera, ventral view
(Wunderlich 2011a)
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male Chelicera, posterior view
(Wunderlich 2011a)

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male Chelicera, frontal view
(Wunderlich 2011a)

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male Chelicera, dorsal view
(Morano 2020)
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male Chelicera, lateral view
(Morano 2020)

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male Opisthosoma, lateral view
(Wunderlich 2011a)

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female Genital lobe
(Wunderlich 2011a)
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female Genital lobe
(Wunderlich 2011a)

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female Genital lobe
(Wunderlich 2011a)

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female Epigyne
(Morano 2020)
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female Vulva, dorsal view
(Wunderlich 2011a)

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female Vulva, dorsal view
(Wunderlich 2011a)

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female Vulva, ventral view
(Wunderlich 2011a)
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female Vulva, dorsal view
(Morano 2020)

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female Chelicera, posterior view
(Wunderlich 2011a)

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female Chelicera, dorsal view
(Morano 2020)
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Eyes, dorsal view
(Wunderlich 2011a)

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Sternum
(Wunderlich 2011a)

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8. Tetragnatha isidis (Simon, 1880)
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male Pedipalp, retrolateral view
(Azheganova 1968)

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male Chelicerae, prolateral view
(Azheganova 1968)

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male Chelicerae, dorsal view
(Azheganova 1968)
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female Genital lobe
(Wunderlich 2011a)

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female Epigyne
(Morano 2020)

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female Vulva
(Azheganova 1968)
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female Vulva, dorsal view
(Morano 2020)

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female Chelicera, interior view
(Morano 2020)

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female Opisthosoma, lateral view
(Wunderlich 2011a)
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female Habitus, lateral view
(Azheganova 1968)

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female Habitus, dorsal view
(Azheganova 1968)

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female Habitus, lateral view
(Morano 2020)
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Eyes, frontal view
(Morano 2020)

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9. Tetragnatha nitens (Audouin, 1826)
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male Pedipalp, dorsal view
(Wunderlich 2011a)

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male Pedipalp, retrolateral view
(Wunderlich 2011a)

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male Pedipalp, retrolateral view
(Wunderlich 2011a)
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male Pedipalp
(Crespo et al. 2009b)

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male Pedipalp, dorsal view
(Yağmur & Tutar 2021)

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male Pedipalp, retrolateral view
(Yağmur & Tutar 2021)
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male Pedipalp, ventral view
(Yağmur & Tutar 2021)

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male Pedipalp, retrolateral view
(Zamani et al. 2021)

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male Pedipalp, ventral view
(Zamani et al. 2021)
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male Pedipalp with tibia, patella and femur, dorsal view
(Cianferoni et al. 2023)

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male Pedipalp with tibia, patella and femur, ventral view
(Cianferoni et al. 2023)

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male Pedipalp, retrolateral view
(Baert et al. 2023)
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male Pedipalp, ventral view
(Baert et al. 2023)

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male Tip of bulbus, retrolateral view
(Morano 2020)

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male Bulbus, ventral view
(Yağmur & Tutar 2021)
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male Tip of pedipalp, ventral view
(Zamani et al. 2021)

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male Embolus, ventral view
(Wunderlich 2011a)

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male Embolus and conductor
(Wiehle 1962)
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male Paracymbium, ventral view
(Morano 2020)

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male Chelicera
(Simon 1929)

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male Chelicera, dorsal view
(Wunderlich 2011a)
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male Chelicera, retrolateral view
(Wunderlich 2011a)

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male Chelicera, dorsal view
(Wiehle 1962)

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male Chelicera, ventral view
(Wiehle 1962)
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male Chelicera, dorsal view
(Morano 2020)

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male Chelicera, dorsal view
(Yağmur & Tutar 2021)

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male Chelicera, dorso-prolateral view
(Yağmur & Tutar 2021)
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male Chelicera, retrolateral view
(Yağmur & Tutar 2021)

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male Chelicera, ventral view
(Yağmur & Tutar 2021)

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male Chelicera, prolateral view
(Cianferoni et al. 2023)
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male Chelicera, ventral view
(Cianferoni et al. 2023)

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male Chelicera, dorsal view
(Baert et al. 2023)

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male Chelicera, prolateral view
(Baert et al. 2023)
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male Chelicera, ventro-apical view
(Baert et al. 2023)

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female Genital lobe
(Wunderlich 2011a)

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female Genital lobe
(Wunderlich 2011a)
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female Epigyne
(Morano 2020)

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female Epigyne
(Yağmur & Tutar 2021)

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female Epigyne
(Yağmur & Tutar 2021)
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female Epigyne
(Baert et al. 2023)

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female Vulva, dorsal view
(Wunderlich 2011a)

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female Vulva
(Crespo et al. 2009b)
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female Vulva, dorsal view
(Morano 2020)

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female Chelicera
(Simon 1929)

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female Chelicera, ventral view
(Wunderlich 2011a)
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female Chelicera, dorsal view
(Wiehle 1962)

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female Chelicera, ventral view
(Wiehle 1962)

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female Chelicera, ventral view
(Morano 2020)
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female Chelicera, dorsal view
(Yağmur & Tutar 2021)

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female Chelicera, prolateral view
(Yağmur & Tutar 2021)

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female Chelicera, retrolateral view
(Yağmur & Tutar 2021)
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female Chelicera, ventral view
(Yağmur & Tutar 2021)

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female Chelicera, prolateral view
(Cianferoni et al. 2023)

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female Chelicera, ventral view
(Cianferoni et al. 2023)
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female Opisthosoma, lateral view
(Wunderlich 2011a)

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female Opisthosoma, lateral view
(Wunderlich 2011a)

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10. Tetragnatha shoshone Levi, 1981
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male Pedipalp, ventral view
(Levi 1981)

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male Embolus and conductor, ventral view
(Levi 1981)

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male Tip of conductor, mesal view
(Levi 1981)
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male Prosoma, frontal view
(Levi 1981)

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male Habitus, lateral view
(Levi 1981)

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female Vulva, dorsal view
(Levi 1981)
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female Vulva, ventral view
(Levi 1981)

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female Receptacula seminis, ventral view
(Levi 1981)

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female Prosoma, frontal view
(Levi 1981)
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female Habitus, lateral view
(Levi 1981)

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11. Tetragnatha zangherii (Caporiacco, 1926)
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-- Caption missing --
(WSC 2025)