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Gnaphosidae  Pocock, 1898 / Callilepis  Westring, 1874   4 species

Callilepis nocturna  (Linnaeus, 1758)

WSC LSID urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:026717

Key to genera | Key to species

Description

Epigyne with continuous anterior margin. Prosoma red-brown or dark brown to black-brown. Opisthosoma grey-brown with 5 bright spots.

Body length male: 2.8-4.7 mm
Body length female: 3.8-5.9 mm
Additional information

In dry and sunny, often vegetation free localities, up to 2200 m in the mountains. Specialized ant predator, they jump on prey and paralyze it by a bite in the base of the antenna, active during the day with maximum of activity a.m., walking behaviour similar to ants. Sac-like retreats under stones, wood etc.

Distribution
  Presence
  No data
Global distribution (WSC 2020): Europe, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to Far East), Kazakhstan, China, Japan
Phenology
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
 male  female
Figures
species

male Pedipalp, ventral view
(Wiehle 1967)

species

male Pedipalp, ventral view
(Noordam 1992)

species

male Pedipalp, ventral view
(Locket et al. 1974)

species

male Pedipalp
(Noordam 1992)

species

male Pedipalp, ventral view
(Platnick 1975)

species

female Epigyne
(Roberts 1995)

species

female Epigyne
(Wiehle 1967)

species

female Epigyne
(Locket et al. 1974)

species

female Epigyne
(Platnick 1975)

species

female Epigyne
(Løvbrekke unpubl.)

species

female Vulva
(Miller 1947)

species

female Vulva
(Wiehle 1967)

species

female Vulva
(Homann unpubl.)

species

female Vulva
(Homann unpubl.)

species

female Vulva
(Platnick 1975)

species

female Vulva, dorsal view
(Løvbrekke unpubl.)

species

Chelicerae, ventral view
(Locket et al. 1974)

Distribution List
Albania   ( Deltshev et al., 2011b; ) ||| Andorra   ( no references ) ||| Armenia   ( Otto, 2020; ) ||| Austria   ( no references ) ||| Azerbaijan   ( Otto, 2020; ) ||| Belarus   ( no references ) ||| Belgium   ( no references ) ||| Bulgaria   ( Blagoev et al., 2018; ) ||| Croatia   ( no references ) ||| Czechia   ( no references ) ||| Denmark   ( no references ) ||| Estonia   ( no references ) ||| Finland   ( Koponen et al., 2016; ) ||| France   ( no references ) ||| France / Corsica   ( no references ) ||| Germany   ( no references ) ||| Greece   ( no references ) ||| Hungary   ( no references ) ||| Italy   ( Pantini & Isaia, 2019; ) ||| Italy / Sicily   ( Pantini & Isaia, 2019; ) ||| Latvia   ( Cera, 2018; ) ||| Lithuania   ( no references ) ||| Montenegro   ( no references ) ||| Netherlands   ( no references ) ||| North Macedonia   ( no references ) ||| Norway   ( no references ) ||| Poland   ( no references ) ||| Portugal   ( no references ) ||| Romania   ( no references ) ||| Russia, Central   ( no references ) ||| Russia, Eastern   ( no references ) ||| Russia, Northern   ( no references ) ||| Russia, Southern   ( Otto, 2020; ) ||| Russia, Western   ( no references ) ||| Serbia   ( no references ) ||| Slovakia   ( no references ) ||| Spain   ( no references ) ||| Sweden   ( no references ) ||| Switzerland   ( no references ) ||| Ukraine   ( Polchaninova & Prokopenko, 2019; ) ||| United Kingdom   ( no references ) |||
References

Biteniekyte M, Relys V (2012) The checklist of Lithuanian spiders (Arachnida: Araneae). Biologija 57: 148-158

Blagoev G, Deltshev C, Lazarov S, Naumova M (2018) The spiders (Araneae) of Bulgaria. Version: August 2018. National Museum of Natural History, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences. Online at http://www.nmnhs.com/spiders-bulgaria/ (accessed on 10.9.2018)

Cera I (2018) The checklist of Latvian spiders (Arachnida: Araneae). Environmental and Experimental Biology 16: 139-152 pdf

Deltshev C, Vrenozi B, Blagoev G, Lazarov S (2011b) Spiders of Albania – faunistic and zoogeographical review (Arachnida: Araneae). Acta Zoologica Bulgarica 63: 125-144

Helsdingen P J van (2010a) Araneae. In: Fauna Europaea Database (Version 2010.1), online at www.european-arachnology.org

Homann H (unpubl.)

Ivanov V V (2013) The checklist of Belarusian spiders (Arachnida, Araneae). Zoology and Ecology 4: 293-311 pdf

Koponen S, Fritzén N R, Pajunen T (2016) Checklist of spiders in Finland (Araneae). 6th version, December 2016, online at http://biolcoll.utu.fi/arach/checklist_of_spiders_in_Finland.htm

Locket G H, Millidge A F, Merrett P (1974) British Spiders 3. Ray Soc London

Løvbrekke H (unpubl.)

Miller F (1947) Pavoucí zvírena hadcových stepí u Mohelna. Arch Sv Vyzk ochr prirod kraj zem Morav 7: 1-107

Noordam A P (1992) Gnaphosidae (Araneae) of the Netherlands, drawings, some notes, and some thoughts about ant-mimicry. Published by the author.

Otto S (2020) Caucasian spiders. A faunistic database on the spiders of the Caucasus Ecoregion. Database version 03.2020. Internet: caucasus-spiders.info.

Pantini P, Isaia M (2019) Araneae.it: the online Catalog of Italian spiders, with addenda on other Arachnid Orders occurring in Italy (Arachnida: Araneae, Opiliones, Palpigradi, Pseudoscorpionida, Scorpiones, Solifugae). http://araneae.it. Fragmenta Entomologica 51: 127-152 pdf

Platnick N I (1975) A revision of the Holarctic spider genus Callilepis (Araneae, Gnaphosidae). American Museum Novitates 2573: 1-32

Polchaninova N, Prokopenko E (2019) An updated checklist of spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) of Left-Bank Ukraine. Arachnologische Mitteilungen 57: 60-64 & App pdf

Roberts M J (1995) Spiders of Britain and Northern Europe. Collins Field Guide Bath

Wiehle H (1967) Beiträge zur Kenntnis der deutschen Spinnenfauna V. Senckenbergiana Biologica 48: 1-36

World Spider Catalog (2020) World Spider Catalog. Version 21.0. Natural History Museum Bern, online at http://wsc.nmbe.ch (20.03.2020) doi: 10.24436/2

Updates
25-03-2020 Image insert
03-12-2019 Image insert
08-03-2016 Image insert
30-09-2015 Distribution update Detail
28-04-2014 Distribution update Detail
10-12-2013 Distribution update Detail