Atypus muralis Bertkau, 1890
Description
Palp male: femur with longitudinal ridge in longish depression. Vulva with 2 pairs of receptacula seminis, inner and outer pair not in the same line. Prosoma red-brown to dark brown, dark brown in female. Sternum with dark median field. First pair of sigilla more than 1/2 diameter apart from margin of sternum. Legs red-brown to dark brown. Metatarsus IV male: dorsally with 4 or more spines. Opisthosoma velvety-black, grey-brown. Posterior spinnerets distinctly 4 segmented (in dorsal and ventral view).
Body length male: 9 mmBody length female: 12 mm
Additional information
capture tube over ground 13 cm, retreat tube underground 35-80 cm, colonies of up to 100 specimens, on xerothermic dry slopes and steppe heathland
Distribution
Phenology
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
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Figures
Pedipalp
(Loksa 1969)
Pedipalp, prolateral view
(Nuruyeva et al. 2024b)
Palpal femur
(Kraus & Baur 1974)
Vulva
(Miller 1947)
Vulva
(Schwendinger 1990)
Vulva
(Loksa 1969)
Eyes, dorsal view
(Miller 1947)
Sternum
(Kraus & Baur 1974)
Posterior spinneret
(Kraus & Baur 1974)
Spinnerets
(Miller 1947)
Spinnerets
(Loksa 1969)
Distribution List
"No references" does not mean that the species does not occur in this country, but that we have not yet inserted the reference for it. We are working on it.
References
Blagoev G, Deltshev C, Lazarov S, Naumova M (2018) The spiders (Araneae) of Bulgaria. Version: August 2018. National Museum of Natural History, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences. Online at http://www.nmnhs.com/spiders-bulgaria/ (accessed on 10.9.2018) 
Blick T, Finch O-D, Harms K H, Kiechle J, Kielhorn K-H , Kreuels M, Malten A, Martin D, Muster C, Nährig D, Platen R, Rödel I, Scheidler M, Staudt A, Stumpf H, Tolke D (2016) Rote Liste und Gesamtartenliste der Spinnen (Arachnida: Araneae) Deutschlands. 3. Fassung, Stand April 2008, einzelne Änderungen und Nachträge bis August 2015. Naturschutz und Biologische Vielfalt 70/4: 383-510
Esyunin S L, Efimik V E (1996a) Catalogue of the spiders (Arachnida, Aranei) of the Urals. KMK Scientific Press, Moscow, 228 pp.
Gajdoš P, Svatoň J, Sloboda J (1999) Katalóg pavúkov Slovenska. Catalogue of Slovakian spiders. Ústav kr. ekol. SAV, Bratislava, 337 pp.
Grbić G, Hänggi A, Gajić I, Vaselek S, Ivković S (2019) Spiders (Araneae) of the Deliblato Sands (Serbia). Acta Entomologica Serbica 24: 79-93
Isaia M, Tolve M, Pantini P (2025) Araneae.it: 2.0: the new updated version of the digital catalog of the Italian spiders and other arachnids (Arachnida: Araneae, Opiliones, Scorpiones, Pseudoscorpiones, Palpigradi, Solifugae). Fragmenta Entomologica 57: 197-204
Komnenov M (2014) Spider fauna of the Osogovo Mt. Range, Northeastern Macedonia. Fauna Balkana 2: 1-267
Kostanjšek R, Kuntner M (2015) Araneae Sloveniae: a national spider species checklist. ZooKeys 474: 1-91
Kraus O, Baur H (1974) Die Atypidae der West-Paläarktis. Systematik, Verbreitung und Biologie (Arach.: Araneae). Abhandlungen und Verhandlungen des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins in Hamburg (NF) 17: 85-116
Loksa I (1969) Pokok I-Araneae I. Fauna Hungariae 97: 1-133
Maurer R, Hänggi A (1990) Katalog der schweizerischen Spinnen. Documenta Faunistica Helvetiae 12
Miller F (1947) Pavoucí zvírena hadcových stepí u Mohelna. Archiv Svazu na Výzkum a Ochranu Přírody i Krajiny v Zemi Moravskoslezské 7: 1-107
Naumova M V, Blagoev G, Dimitrov D, Lazarov S, Deltshev C (2017) New data on the spider fauna (Arachnida: Araneae) of Bulgaria. Acta Zoologica Bulgarica 69: 477-481
Nuruyeva T V, Zamani A, Snegovaya N Y (2024b) A survey of mygalomorph spiders (Araneae: Atypidae, Nemesiidae) of Azerbaijan, including the description of two new species. Zoology in the Middle East 70: 353-360
Otto S (2022) Caucasian spiders. A faunistic database on the spiders of the Caucasus Ecoregion. Database version 02.2022. Internet: caucasus-spiders.info.
Özkütük R S, Kunt K B, Gündüz G, Elverici M (2015c) A new record for Turkish mygalomorph spiders: Atypus muralis Bertkau, 1890 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Atypidae). Biological Diversity and Conservation 8: 138-142
Polchaninova N, Prokopenko E (2019) An updated checklist of spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) of Left-Bank Ukraine. Arachnologische Mitteilungen 57: 60-64 & App
Ponomarev A V (2022) Spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) of the southeast of the Russian Plain: catalogue, the fauna specific features. SSC RAS Publishers, Rostov-on-Don, 640 pp.
Řezáč M, Řezáčová V, Pekár S (2007) The distribution of purse-web Atypus spiders (Araneae: Mygalomorphae) in central Europe is constrained by microclimatic continentality and soil compactness. Journal of Biogeography 34: 1016-1027
Rozwałka R, Stanska M (2008) Check-list of spiders (Araneae) of Poland. 1. December 2008. online at http://www.arachnologia.edu.pl/en/species/8-spiders-of-poland.html
Růžička V, Řezáč M (2022a) Seznam pavouků České republiky. List of spiders of the Czech Republic. Online at https://www.arachnology.cz/seznam-pavouku-cr-26.html and https://www.arachnology.cz/en/seznam-pavouku-cr-26.html
Schwendinger P J (1990) A synopsis of the genus Atypus (Araneae, Atypidae). Zoologica Scripta 19: 353-366
Thaler K, Knoflach B (2002b) Zur Faunistik der Spinnen (Araneae) von Österreich: Atypidae, Haplogynae, Eresidae, Zodariidae, Mimetidae. Linzer Biologische Beiträge 34: 413-444
Van Keer J, Van Keer K, De Koninck H, Ramel G (2010) The arachnofauna (Araneae) of wetland Kerkini (Macedonia-Northern Central Greece). Acta Zoologica Bulgarica 62: 141-160
Vasiliev A I, Mikhailov K G (2023) Annotated checklist of spiders (Araneae) of the Republic of Moldova. Invertebrate Zoology 20: 307-342
Weiss I, Petrișor A (1999) List of the spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) from Romania. Travaux du Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle “Grigore Antipa” 41: 79-107
WSC (2026) World Spider Catalog. Version 27. Natural History Museum Bern, online at http://wsc.nmbe.ch (13.2.2026) doi: 10.24436/2