introduced from Africa, not established
"No references" does not mean that the species does not occur in this country, but that we have not yet inserted the reference for it. We are working on it.
Browning E (1954) The accidental importation of three species of Torania into Great Britain, with observations on live specimens (Araneae: Sparassidae). Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 124: 213-217, 1pl ![]()
Jäger P (2002b) Heteropodinae: transfers and synonymies (Arachnida: Araneae: Sparassidae). Acta Arachnologica 51: 33-61 ![]()
Sherwood D (2025) Annotated checklist of imported non-native spider (Araneae) taxa recorded in the United Kingdom 1800–2024. Arthropoda Selecta 34: 121-160 ![]()
WSC (2026) World Spider Catalog. Version 27. Natural History Museum Bern, online at http://wsc.nmbe.ch (13.2.2026) doi: 10.24436/2 ![]()
Zamani A, Koponen S (2025) First Nordic record of Pandava laminata (Araneae: Titanoecidae), with a synopsis of anthropochorous species of spiders in Finland. Arachnologische Mitteilungen 69: 5-9 ![]()