Modisimus culicinus (Simon, 1893)
Description
Body length female: 1.2 - 1.5 mm
Additional information
This species of South American origin is not native to Europe (alien species). It had been introduced to Europe at least once and did establish.
Distribution
Figures
Pedipalp, prolateral view
(Huber 1997)
Pedipalp, retrolateral view
(Huber 1997)
Pedipalp, retrolateral view
(Tong & Li 2009)
Pedipalp, dorsal view
(Baert et al. 2023)
Pedipalp, ventral view
(Baert et al. 2023)
Procursus
(Huber 1998)
Procursus, dorsal view
(Tong & Li 2009)
Prosoma, frontal view
(Tong & Li 2009)
Prosoma, frontal view
(Baert et al. 2023)
Prosoma, lateral view
(Baert et al. 2023)
Pedicel, prolateral view
(Tong & Li 2009)
Chelicerae, frontal view
(Huber 1997)
Epigyne
(Huber 1997)
Epigyne, lateral view
(Baert et al. 2023)
Vulva
(Huber 1998)
Vulva, ventral view
(Tong & Li 2009)
Vulva, dorsal view
(Tong & Li 2009)
Vulva, ventral view
(Baert et al. 2023)
Distribution List
References
Baert L, Maelfait J-P, Desender K, Hendrickx F, Dekoninck W, Berthet M, Bouckaert K, Caudron J, Leclercq M (2023) Updated checklist, origin, distribution, literature and genital drawings of the spiders of the Galápagos Islands Belgian Journal of Entomology 142: 1-188 
Huber B A (1997) On the distinction between Modisimus and Hedypsilus (Araneae, Pholcidae), with notes on behavior and natural history. Zoologica Scripta 25: 233-240
Huber B A (1998) Genital mechanics in some neotropical pholcid spiders (Araneae: Pholcidae), with implications for systematics. Journal of Zoology, London 244: 587-599
Huber B A, Neumann J, Grabolle A, Hula V (2017) Aliens in Europe: updates on the distributions of Modisimus culicinus and Micropholcus fauroti (Araneae, Pholcidae). Arachnologische Mitteilungen 53: 12-18
Řezáč M, Růžička V, Hula V, Dolanský J, Machač O, Roušar A (2021) Spiders newly observed in Czechia in recent years – overlooked or invasive species? BioInvasions Records 10: 555-566
Růžička V, Řezáč M (2022a) Seznam pavouků České republiky. List of spiders of the Czech Republic. Online at https://www.arachnology.cz/seznam-pavouku-cr-26.html and https://www.arachnology.cz/en/seznam-pavouku-cr-26.html
Tong YF, Li SQ (2009) Six new cave-dwelling pholcid spiders (Araneae: Pholcidae) from Hainan Island, with two newly recorded genera from China. Zootaxa 1988: 17-32
WSC (2026) World Spider Catalog. Version 27. Natural History Museum Bern, online at http://wsc.nmbe.ch (20.5.2026) doi: 10.24436/2