Collier B L, Dugon M M, Nolan M, Fort A, Healy K, Vitkauskaite A, Lyons K, Munnelly E J, McSharry L, Dunbar, J P (2023) A history of accidental widow spider (genus Latrodectus) introductions on the island of Ireland with a new Irish record for Latrodectus hesperus (Chamberlin and Ivie, 1935), and additional records of Latrodectus geometricus (C.L. Koch, 1841). Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy Biology and Environment 123B: 111-120

Kaston B J (1970) Comparative biology of American black widow spiders. Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History 16: 33-82

Noordijk J (2016) Nieuwe vondsten van weduwen Latrodectus in Nederland (Araneae: Theridiidae). Nederlandse Faunistische Mededelingen 47: 17-26

Purgat P, Švecová L (2025) First record of Latrodectus hesperus Chamberlin & Ivie, 1935, Western Black Widow (Araneae, Theridiidae), in Slovakia. Check List 21: 107-115

Sherwood D (2025) Annotated checklist of imported non-native spider (Araneae) taxa recorded in the United Kingdom 1800–2024. Arthropoda Selecta 34: 121-160

WSC (2025) World Spider Catalog. Version 26. Natural History Museum Bern, online at http://wsc.nmbe.ch (28.2.2025) doi: 10.24436/2

Zamani A, Koponen S (2025) First Nordic record of Pandava laminata (Araneae: Titanoecidae), with a synopsis of anthropochorous species of spiders in Finland. Arachnologische Mitteilungen 69: 5-9