Ero furcata (Villers, 1789)
Description
Palp male: tibia approximately 2.7 times as long as wide. Cymbium oval, proximally elevated, forming a conical tubercle. Conductor with prolateral furrow. Tip typically with retrolateral and ventral, finger-shaped processes. Paracymbium with bipartite, whitish basal process. Epigyne with characteristic lateral lobes. Median part wider than long and posteriorly bordered by chitinous wall. Septum white, longish. Vulva with short entrance ducts and round receptacula. Prosoma yellowish-brown, eye region and a broad stripe on margin darker, almost black. A black line between dorsal groove and eye region. Sternum yellowish-white, with dark spots. Chelicerae dark brown to black. Legs yellowish, annulated with red-brown to black. Opisthosoma anterior of tubercles dark, brighter spotted posteriorly, black, reddish and grey on yellow background.
Body length male: 2.5-3 mmBody length female: 3.5-4.8 mm
Additional information
on trees, bushes and shrubs near the ground
Frequency: Widely distributed, most frequent species of the genus, but difficult to find
Distribution
Phenology
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
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Figures
Pedipalp, ventral view
(Wiehle 1953)
Pedipalp
(Thaler et al. 2004)
Pedipalp, ventral view
(Heimer & Nentwig 1991)
Pedipalp, ventral view
(Roberts 1995)
Pedipalp, ventral view
(Locket & Millidge 1953)
Pedipalp, ventral view
(Thaler et al. 2004)
Pedipalp
(Locket et al. 1974)
Conductor
(Thaler et al. 2004)
Cymbium
(Thaler et al. 2004)
Prosoma, dorsal view
(Ponomarev 2008a)
Leg I
(Ponomarev 2008a)
Epigyne
(Roberts 1995)
Epigyne
(Wiehle 1953)
Epigyne
(Locket & Millidge 1953)
Epigyne, ventral view
(Thaler et al. 2004)
Vulva
(Wiehle 1953)
Vulva
(Fjellberg unpubl.)
Sternum
(Fjellberg unpubl.)
Leg II
(Heimer & Nentwig 1991)
Metatarsus II
(Wiehle 1953)
Distribution List
References
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Blagoev G, Deltshev C, Lazarov S, Naumova M (2018) The spiders (Araneae) of Bulgaria. Version: August 2018. National Museum of Natural History, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences. Online at http://www.nmnhs.com/spiders-bulgaria/ (accessed on 10.9.2018)
Branco V V, Morano E, Cardoso P (2019) An update to the Iberian spider checklist (Araneae). [N.B.: few records from this paper are not taken over and not commented] Zootaxa 4614: 201-254
Cera I (2018) The checklist of Latvian spiders (Arachnida: Araneae). Environmental and Experimental Biology 16: 139-152
Fjellberg A (unpubl.)
Heimer S, Nentwig W (1991) Spinnen Mitteleuropas. Paul Parey Berlin
Ivanov V V (2013) The checklist of Belarusian spiders (Arachnida, Araneae). Zoology and Ecology 4: 293-311
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Kronestedt T (2001) Checklist of Spiders (Araneae) in Sweden [Preliminary version February 2001]
Locket G H, Millidge A F (1953) British spiders. Vol. II. Ray Society, London, 449 pp.
Locket G H, Millidge A F, Merrett P (1974) British Spiders, Volume III. Ray Society, London, 315 pp.
Marusik Y M, Kunt K B (2011) Spiders (Aranei) new to the fauna of Turkey. 9. Two new family records (Mysmenidae and Synaphridae) and one species record of Mimetidae. Caucasian Entomological Bulletin 7: 3-5
Mikhailov K G (2013) The spiders (Arachnida: Aranei) of Russia and adjacent countries: a non-annotated checklist. Arthropoda Selecta, Supplement 3: 1-262
Otto S (2020) Caucasian spiders. A faunistic database on the spiders of the Caucasus Ecoregion. Database version 03.2020. Internet: caucasus-spiders.info.
Pantini P, Isaia M (2019) Araneae.it: the online catalog of Italian spiders, with addenda on other arachnid orders occurring in Italy (Arachnida: Araneae, Opiliones, Palpigradi, Pseudoscorpionida, Scorpiones, Solifugae). http://araneae.it. Fragmenta Entomologica 51: 127-152
Polchaninova N, Prokopenko E (2019) An updated checklist of spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) of Left-Bank Ukraine. Arachnologische Mitteilungen 57: 60-64 & App
Ponomarev A V (2008a) Additions to the fauna of spiders (Aranei) of the from south of Russia and western Kazakhstan: new taxa and finds. Caucasian Entomological Bulletin 4: 49-61
Roberts M J (1995) Collins Field Guide: Spiders of Britain & Northern Europe. HarperCollins, London, 383 pp.
Samu F, Szinetár C (1999) Bibliographic check list of the Hungarian spider fauna. Bulletin of the British Arachnological Society 11: 161-184
Staudt A, Weber D, Nährig D (2013) Webspinnen (Arachnida, Araneae) aus Höhlen des Großherzogtums Luxemburg. Ferrantia 69: 115-157
Thaler K, van Harten A, Knoflach B (2004) Pirate spiders of the genus Ero C.L. Koch from southern Europe, Yemen, and Ivory Coast, with two new species (Arachnida, Araneae, Mimetidae). Denisia 13: 359-368
Wiehle H (1953) Spinnentiere oder Arachnoidea (Araneae), IX. Orthognatha-Cribellata-Haplogynae, Entelegynae (Pholcidae, Zodariidae, Oxyopidae, Mimetidae, Nesticidae). Die Tierwelt Deutschlands 42: 1-150
WSC (2021) World Spider Catalog. Version 21.5. Natural History Museum Bern, online at http://wsc.nmbe.ch (03.01.2021) doi: 10.24436/2