Gnaphosidae  Banks, 1892 / Setaphis  Simon, 1893   9 species

Setaphis carmeli (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872)

Beschreibung
Männchen

Schwarze, relativ zarte Spinnen mit zweifarbigen Beinen: verbreiterte Femora bis Tibia schwarz, dünne Metatarsen und Tarsen gelb. Augen recht klein und nahe beieinander. Palpus: Relativ klein und dünn mit fast gerader Tibialapophyse. Transparenter Konduktor entspringt hinter Embolusspule. Tiefe apikale Verlängerung auf Tegulum erreicht fast die Tegularerweiterung. Prosomalänge: 1.8-2.0 mm, Prosomabreite: 1.4-1.5 mm.

Körperlänge Männchen: 4.1-4.6 mm
Weibchen

Schwarze, relativ zarte Spinnen mit zweifärbigen Beinen: Verbreiterte Femora bis Tibia schwarz, dünne Metatarsen und Tarsen gelb. Augen recht klein und nahe beieinander. Epigyne relativ klein, mittlere M-förmige Falten anterior begrenzt durch feinen, schwarzen Rand mit auffälligen lateralen Kappen und leicht erhobenen Seitenlappen. Gelbe, basale Spermatheken reichen in apikal gewundene Membranfalten. Prosomalänge: 1.5-1.7 mm, Prosomabreite: 1.3-1.4 mm.

Körperlänge Weibchen: 3.5-3.7 mm
Zusätzliche Informationen

auch in Zitrusplantagen

Verbreitung
  Vorkommen
  kein Nachweis
Weltweite Verbreitung (WSC 2026): Canary Is., Mediterranean, Iran
Phänologie
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
 male  female
Abbildungen
Verbreitungsnachweise
Algeria   (Platnick & Murphy, 1996; Benhacene et al., 2023) ||| Bulgaria   (Blagoev et al., 2018) ||| Croatia   (Milosevic, 2002) ||| Cyprus   (Bosmans et al., 2019c) ||| France   (Le Peru, 2007) ||| France / Corsica   (Le Peru, 2007) ||| Greece   (Bosmans & Chatzaki, 2005) ||| Greece / Crete   (Bosmans & Chatzaki, 2005) ||| Italy   (Isaia et al., 2025) ||| Italy / Sardinia   (Isaia et al., 2025) ||| Italy / Sicily   (Isaia et al., 2025) ||| Libya   (Elkrew et al., 2024) ||| Morocco   (Platnick & Murphy, 1996; Benhalima & Bosmans, 2024) ||| North Macedonia   (Deltshev et al., 2013) ||| Portugal   (Branco et al., 2019) ||| Spain   (Branco et al., 2019; Mestre et al., 2012) ||| Spain / Balearic Islands   (Branco et al., 2019) ||| Tunisia   (Platnick & Murphy, 1996) ||| Turkey (Asia)   (Danışman et al., 2025a; Seyyar et al., 2008a) |||
Literatur

Benhacene R, Adjami A, Hadjeb A, Kermiche K, Ouakid M L (2023) Bibliographic checklist of the Algerian spider fauna (Araneae). Zootaxa 5352: 301-357 pdf

Benhalima S, Bosmans R (2024) First historical checklist of spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) from Morocco, between 1840–2024. Zootaxa 5555: 407-535 pdf

Blagoev G, Deltshev C, Lazarov S, Naumova M (2018) The spiders (Araneae) of Bulgaria. Version: August 2018. National Museum of Natural History, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences. Online at http://www.nmnhs.com/spiders-bulgaria/ (accessed on 10.9.2018) pdf

Bosmans R, Chatzaki M (2005) A catalogue of the spiders of Greece – a critical review of all spider species cited from Greece with their localities. Nieuwsbrief van de Belgische arachnologische Vereniging 20 (2, suppl.): 1-124 pdf

Bosmans R, Van Keer J, Russell-Smith A, Hadjiconstantis M, Komnenov M, Bosselaers J, Huber S, McCowan D, Snazell R, Decae A, Zoumides C, Kielhorn K-H, Oger P (2019c) Spiders of Cyprus (Araneae). A catalogue of all currently known species from Cyprus. Newsletter of the Belgian Arachnological Society 34, Suppl. 1: 1-173 pdf

Branco V V, Morano E, Cardoso P (2019) An update to the Iberian spider checklist (Araneae). Zootaxa 4614: 201-254 pdf

Chatzaki M, Thaler K, Mylonas M (2003) Ground spiders (Gnaphosidae; Araneae) from Crete and adjacent areas of Greece. Taxonomy and distribution. III. Zelotes and allied genera. Revue Suisse de Zoologie 110: 45-89 pdf

Danışman T, Kunt K B, Özkütük R S, Coşar İ (2025a) The checklist of the spiders of Turkey. Version 2025 [last updated 01 December 2025], online at http://www.spidersofturkey.info pdf

Deltshev C, Komnenov M, Blagoev G, Georgiev T, Lazarov S, Stojkoska E, Naumova M (2013) Faunistic diversity of spiders (Araneae) in Galichitsa Mountain (FYR Macedonia). Biodiversity Data Journal 1(e977): 1-70 pdf

Elkrew H, Hamza A, Ghana S, Shaibi T, Swehli A I, Elmareme H, Ahmad A (2024) Checklist of the spiders (Araneae) of Libya. Pakistan Journal of Life and Social Sciences 22: 19346-19369 pdf

Isaia M, Tolve M, Pantini P (2025) Araneae.it: 2.0: the new updated version of the digital catalog of the Italian spiders and other arachnids (Arachnida: Araneae, Opiliones, Scorpiones, Pseudoscorpiones, Palpigradi, Solifugae). Fragmenta Entomologica 57: 197-204 pdf

Le Peru B (2007) Catalogue et répartition des araignées de France. Revue Arachnologique 16: 1-468 pdf

Lecigne S, Moutaouakil S, Lips J (2025) Contribution to the knowledge of the spider fauna of Morocco (Arachnida: Araneae) – second note. On new species and new records from caves and miscellaneous terrestrial ecosystems. Journal of the Belgian Arachnological Society 40(1, supplement): 1-184 pdf

Levy G (1998c) The ground-spider genera Setaphis, Trachyzelotes, Zelotes, and Drassyllus (Araneae: Gnaphosidae) in Israel. Israel Journal of Zoology 44: 93-158 pdf

Mestre L, Piñol J, Barrientos J A, Cama A, Espadaler X (2012) Effects of ant competition and bird predation on the spider assemblage of a citrus grove. Basic and Applied Ecology 13: 355-362 pdf

Milosevic B (2002) Aranea – Popis vrsta – Checklist. Hrvatsko entomološko društvo – Inventar entomofaune Hrvatske [Aranea – List of species – Checklist. Croatian Entomological Society – Inventory of Croatian entomofauna]. pdf

Platnick N I, Murphy J A (1996) A review of the zelotine ground spider genus Setaphis (Araneae, Gnaphosidae). American Museum Novitates 3162: 1-23 pdf

Seyyar O, Ayyildiz N, Topçu A (2008a) Updated checklist of ground spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae) of Turkey, with zoogeographical and faunistic remarks. Entomological News 119: 509-520 pdf

Suárez D (2018) New records of spider species from the Canary Islands (Araneae). Arachnologische Mitteilungen 55: 60-63 pdf

WSC (2026) World Spider Catalog. Version 27. Natural History Museum Bern, online at http://wsc.nmbe.ch (20.5.2026) doi: 10.24436/2 pdf

Updates
13-05-2025 Image insert
11-01-2025 Distribution update Detail
21-11-2022 Distribution update Detail
05-01-2021 Image insert
01-10-2020 Distribution update Detail
13-06-2016 Datasheet update Detail