Setaphis carmeli (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872)
Description
Male
Blackish, relatively delicate spiders with bicolored legs: widened femora to tibiae black, slender metatarsi, and tarsi yellow. Eyes relatively small and closely grouped. Palpus relatively small and slender with nearly straight tibial apophysis. Transparent conductor rises behind embolus coils; low apical projection on tegulum hardly extends to sclerotized gutter-like tegular extension. Prosoma length: 1.8-2.0 mm, prosoma width: 1.4-1.5 mm.
Body length male: 4.1-4.6 mmFemale
Blackish, relatively delicate spiders with bicolored legs: widened femora to tibiae black, slender metatarsi, and tarsi yellow. Eyes relatively small and closely grouped. Epigyne relatively small, median M-like folds bordered anteriorly by fine, blackish sinuous rim with conspicuous lateral caps and by slightly raised hoods on sides. Yellow basal spermathecae extend into apically winding membranous folds. Prosoma length: 1.5-1.7 mm, prosoma width: 1.3-1.4 mm.
Body length female: 3.5-3.7 mmAdditional information
In citrus groves
Distribution
Phenology
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
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Figures
Pedipalp
(Platnick & Murphy 1996)
Pedipalp
(Platnick & Murphy 1996)
Pedipalp, retrolateral view
(Chatzaki et al. 2003)
Pedipalp, ventral view
(Chatzaki et al. 2003)
Pedipalp, retrolateral view
(Levy 1998c)
Pedipalp, ventral view
(Levy 1998c)
Epigyne
(Platnick & Murphy 1996)
Epigyne
(Levy 1998c)
Vulva
(Platnick & Murphy 1996)
Vulva, dorsal view
(Levy 1998c)
Habitus, dorsal view
(Suárez 2018)
Distribution List
References
Blagoev G, Deltshev C, Lazarov S, Naumova M (2018) The spiders (Araneae) of Bulgaria. Version: August 2018. National Museum of Natural History, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences. Online at http://www.nmnhs.com/spiders-bulgaria/ (accessed on 10.9.2018) 
Bosmans R, Van Keer J, Russell-Smith A, Hadjiconstantis M, Komnenov M, Bosselaers J, Huber S, McCowan D, Snazell R, Decae A, Zoumides C, Kielhorn K-H, Oger P (2019c) Spiders of Cyprus (Araneae). A catalogue of all currently known species from Cyprus. Newsletter of the Belgian Arachnological Society 34, Suppl. 1: 1-173
Bosmans R. (unpubl.) Provisional list of spiders of North Africa. Database excerpt Aug. 2019
Branco V V, Morano E, Cardoso P (2019) An update to the Iberian spider checklist (Araneae). Zootaxa 4614: 201-254
Chatzaki M, Thaler K, Mylonas M (2003) Ground spiders (Gnaphosidae; Araneae) from Crete and adjacent areas of Greece. Taxonomy and distribution. III. Zelotes and allied genera. Revue Suisse de Zoologie 110: 45-89
Levy G (1998c) The ground-spider genera Setaphis, Trachyzelotes, Zelotes, and Drassyllus (Araneae: Gnaphosidae) in Israel. Israel Journal of Zoology 44: 93-158
Mestre L, Piñol J, Barrientos J A, Cama A, Espadaler X (2012) Effects of ant competition and bird predation on the spider assemblage of a citrus grove. Basic and Applied Ecology 13: 355-362
Pantini P, Isaia M (2019) Araneae.it: the online catalog of Italian spiders, with addenda on other arachnid orders occurring in Italy (Arachnida: Araneae, Opiliones, Palpigradi, Pseudoscorpionida, Scorpiones, Solifugae). Fragmenta Entomologica 51: 127-152
Platnick N I, Murphy J A (1996) A review of the zelotine ground spider genus Setaphis (Araneae, Gnaphosidae). American Museum Novitates 3162: 1-23
Seyyar O, Ayyildiz N, Topçu A (2008a) Updated checklist of ground spiders (Araneae: Gnaphosidae) of Turkey, with zoogeographical and faunistic remarks. Entomological News 119: 509-520
Suárez D (2018) New records of spider species from the Canary Islands (Araneae). Arachnologische Mitteilungen 55: 60-63
WSC (2021) World Spider Catalog. Version 22.0. Natural History Museum Bern, online at http://wsc.nmbe.ch (29.05.2021) doi: 10.24436/2