Eratigena atrica (C. L. Koch, 1843)
Description
Tibial apophysis with distally pointed process. Conductor with slightly bent tip, pointing toward bulbus. Vulva anteriorly with 2 globular structures close to each other. Prosoma yellowish-grey, with 2 broad, dark brown to black longitudinal stripes. Sternum grey-brown, with brighter median part and bright spots near coxa. Legs yellowish-grey, unicoloured. Opisthosoma grey-brown, dorsally with 2 longitudinal rows of yellowish spots and slender, yellow median stripe.
Body length male: 10-14 mmBody length female: 11-16 mm
Additional information
In warm localities under stones, often in buildings.
This species can bite humans, usually when they try to catch or remove it with their hands. The bite is not very painful and an occasional moderate local swelling disappears within a few hours.
Troglophile species (Mammola et al. 2022).
E. atrica, duellica and saeva synonymyzed by Bolzern et al. (2013a) and separated again by Oxford & Bolzern (2018).
Distribution
Phenology
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
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Figures
Pedipalp, ventral view
(Dahl 1931)
Pedipalp
(Roberts 1995)
Pedipalp
(Locket & Millidge 1953)
Pedipalp
(Locket & Millidge 1953)
Pedipalp, retrolateral view
(Dresco 1957)
Pedipalp, retrolateral view
(Løvbrekke unpubl.)
Pedipalp, retrolateral view
(Barrientos et al. 2022)
Palpal tibia
(Locket et al. 1974)
Tibial apophysis
(Locket & Millidge 1953)
Tibial apophysis
(Locket & Millidge 1953)
Tibial apophysis
(Dresco 1957)
Tibia
(Loksa 1969)
Epigyne
(Merrett 1980)
Epigyne
(Merrett 1980)
Epigyne
(Roberts 1995)
Epigyne
(Loksa 1969)
Epigyne
(Locket & Millidge 1953)
Epigyne
(Locket & Millidge 1953)
Epigyne
(Locket et al. 1974)
Epigyne
(Løvbrekke unpubl.)
Epigyne
(Barrientos et al. 2022)
Vulva
(Dahl 1931)
Vulva, dorsal view
(Jäger 1995a)
Vulva, dorsal view
(Jäger 1995a)
Vulva, dorsal view
(Jäger 1995a)
Vulva, dorsal view
(Løvbrekke unpubl.)
Vulva, dorsal view
(Barrientos et al. 2022)
Vulva, dorsal view
(Oxford 2023)
Sternum
(Dahl 1931)
Sternum
(Locket & Millidge 1953)
Habitus
(Locket & Millidge 1953)
Distribution List
"No references" does not mean that the species does not occur in this country, but that we have not yet inserted the reference for it. We are working on it.
References
Aakra K, Hauge E (2003) Checklist of Norwegian spiders (Arachnida: Araneae), including Svalbard and Jan Mayen. Norwegian Journal of Entomology 50: 109-129 
Agnarsson I (1996) Íslenskar köngulær Fjölrit Náttúrufræðistofnunar 31: 1-175
Arnold K (2001) Beitrag zur Spinnenfauna (Arachnida, Araneae) des Fürstentums Liechtenstein. Berichte der Botanisch-Zoologischen Gesellschaft Liechtenstein-Sargans-Werdenberg 28: 211-244
Barrientos J A, Martínez-Devesa G, Hernández-Corral J, Micó E (2022) Arañas (Araneae) de las oquedades arbóreas del Parque Nacional de Cabañeros (Ciudad Real, España). Revista Ibérica de Aracnología 40: 33-36
Blagoev G, Deltshev C, Lazarov S, Naumova M (2018) The spiders (Araneae) of Bulgaria. Version: August 2018. National Museum of Natural History, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences. Online at http://www.nmnhs.com/spiders-bulgaria/ (accessed on 10.9.2018)
Bolzern A, Burckhardt D, Hänggi A (2013b) Phylogeny and taxonomy of European funnel-web spiders of the Tegenaria-Malthonica complex (Araneae: Agelenidae) based upon morphological and molecular data. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 168: 723-848
Bosmans R, Van Keer K (2017) Een herziene soortenlijst van de Belgische spinnen (Araneae). Nieuwsbrief van de Belgische Arachnologische Vereniging 32: 39-69
Branco V V, Morano E, Cardoso P (2019) An update to the Iberian spider checklist (Araneae). Zootaxa 4614: 201-254
Cera I (2018) The checklist of Latvian spiders (Arachnida: Araneae). Environmental and Experimental Biology 16: 139-152
Dahl M (1931) Spinnentiere oder Arachnoidea, VI: Familie Agelenidae. Die Tierwelt Deutschlands 23: 1-136
Danışman T, Kunt K B, Özkütük R S, Coşar İ (2024a) The checklist of the spiders of Turkey. Version 2024 [last updated 01 January 2024], online at http://www.spidersofturkey.info
Deltshev C, Komnenov M, Blagoev G, Georgiev T, Lazarov S, Stojkoska E, Naumova M (2013) Faunistic diversity of spiders (Araneae) in Galichitsa Mountain (FYR Macedonia). Biodiversity Data Journal 1(e977): 1-70
Dresco E (1957) Description d'une espèce nouvelle de Tegeneria et remarques sur Tegenaria saeva Black[.] et atrica C. Koch (Araneae, Agelenidae). Vie et Milieu 8: 211-220
Hirna A, Gnelitsa V, Zhukovets E (2016) A checklist of the spiders (Araneae) of the Chornohora Mountain massif (Ukrainian Carpathians). Arachnologische Mitteilungen 51: 16-38
Ivanov V V (2013) The checklist of Belarusian spiders (Arachnida, Araneae). Zoology and Ecology 4: 293-311
Jäger P (1995a) Faunistische Untersuchungen an Spinnen (Araneae) der Wahner Heide (Nordrhein-Westfalen) mit Anmerkungen zur Biologie und Taxonomie. Diplomarbeit, Zoologisches Institut, Universität zu Köln
Karl (unpubl.) .
Koponen S, Fritzén N R, Pajunen T (2016) Checklist of spiders in Finland (Araneae). 6th version, December 2016, online at http://biolcoll.utu.fi/arach/checklist_of_spiders_in_Finland.htm
Kostanjšek R, Kuntner M (2015) Araneae Sloveniae: a national spider species checklist. ZooKeys 474: 1-91
Kreuels M, Staudt A, Christian S (2019) Die Spinnenfauna von Luxemburg – eine Zusammenstellung der Nachweise aus den Jahren 1906-2018 (Arachnida: Araneae). Bulletin de la Société des naturalistes luxembourgeois 121: 203-230
Kronestedt T (2001) Checklist of Spiders (Araneae) in Sweden [Preliminary version February 2001]
Lavery A (2019) A revised checklist of the spiders of Great Britain and Ireland. Arachnology 18: 196-212
Le Peru B (2007) Catalogue et répartition des araignées de France. Revue Arachnologique 16: 1-468
Lissner J, Jensen J-K, Hansen L J, Simonsen W, Kelduni R, Nissen K (2016b) An updated checklist of spiders (Araneae) of the Faroe Islands. Norwegian Journal of Entomology 63: 197-240
Locket G H, Millidge A F (1953) British spiders. Vol. II. Ray Society, London, 449 pp.
Locket G H, Millidge A F, Merrett P (1974) British Spiders, Volume III. Ray Society, London, 315 pp.
Loksa I (1969) Pokok I-Araneae I. Fauna Hungariae 97: 1-133
Løvbrekke H (unpubl.)
Mammola S, Pavlek M, Huber B A, Ballarin F, Tolve M, Čupić I, Hesselberg T, Lunghi E, Mouron S, Graco-Roza C, Cardoso P (2022) A trait database and updated checklist for European subterranean spiders. Scientific Data 9(236): 1-13
Merrett P (1980) Notes on the variation, identification and distribution of British species of the Tegenaria atrica group (Araneae, Agelenidae). Bulletin of the British Arachnological Society 5: 1-8
Milosevic B (2002) Aranea – Popis vrsta – Checklist. Hrvatsko entomološko društvo – Inventar entomofaune Hrvatske [Aranea – List of species – Checklist. Croatian Entomological Society – Inventory of Croatian entomofauna].
Nentwig W, Gnädinger M, Fuchs J, Ceschi A (2013) A two year study of verified spider bites in Switzerland and a review of the European spider bite literature. Toxicon 73: 104-110
Oxford G (2023) The identification of members of the Eratigena atrica group of large house spiders – E. atrica, E. duellica and E. saeva (Agelenidae). Newsletter of the British Arachnological Society 156/SRS News 105: 1-4
Oxford G S, Bolzern A (2018) Molecules v. morphology — is Eratigena atrica (Araneae: Agelenidae) one species or three? Arachnology 17: 337-357
Pantini P, Isaia M (2019) Araneae.it: the online catalog of Italian spiders, with addenda on other arachnid orders occurring in Italy (Arachnida: Araneae, Opiliones, Palpigradi, Pseudoscorpionida, Scorpiones, Solifugae). Fragmenta Entomologica 51: 127-152
Roberts M J (1995) Collins Field Guide: Spiders of Britain & Northern Europe. HarperCollins, London, 383 pp.
Rozwałka R, Stanska M (2008) Check-list of spiders (Araneae) of Poland. 1. December 2008. online at http://www.arachnologia.edu.pl/en/species/8-spiders-of-poland.html
Růžička V, Řezáč M (2022a) Seznam pavouků České republiky. List of spiders of the Czech Republic. Online at https://www.arachnology.cz/seznam-pavouku-cr-26.html and https://www.arachnology.cz/en/seznam-pavouku-cr-26.html
WSC (2024) World Spider Catalog. Version 25.0. Natural History Museum Bern, online at http://wsc.nmbe.ch (22.01.2024) doi: 10.24436/2
Updates
| 25-06-2023 | Distribution insert | Detail |
| 30-03-2023 | Image insert | |
| 17-12-2022 | Distribution update | Detail |
| 04-07-2022 | Image insert | |
| 23-10-2021 | Image insert | |
| 05-09-2021 | Image insert | |
| 22-01-2021 | Gallery image insert | |
| 22-07-2020 | Distribution update | Detail |
| 14-05-2020 | Distribution insert | Detail |
| 08-01-2020 | Datasheet update | Detail |
| 08-01-2020 | Distribution update | Detail |
| 27-08-2019 | Distribution update | Detail |
| 06-12-2018 | Distribution update | Detail |
| 09-06-2018 | Distribution update | Detail |
| 15-03-2018 | Datasheet update | Detail |