Holocnemus caudatus (Dufour, 1820)
Description
Male
Palp very large, femur short and globular, tibia very convex, with long bristles, tarsus short and rounded, basally with 2 small lateral protuberances, bulb globular, almost square at its end.
Body length male: 5 mmFemale
Palp: femur, patella and tibia darker. Sternum black. Legs yellowish, femur and tibia apically with thin white annulations. Opisthosoma twice as long as prosoma, narrow, posteriorly in the shape of a long tubercle. Opisthosoma silvery grey, with lateral, thin, dark lines, ventrally with a longitudinal wide, brown band. Spinnerets form a conical protuberance.
Additional information
In rock crevices.
Troglophile species (Mammola et al., 2022)
Distribution
Figures
Pedipalp, prolateral view
(Benhadi-Marín et al. 2013)
Pedipalp, retrolateral view
(Benhadi-Marín et al. 2013)
Pedipalp
(Breitling 2020)
Chelicera, lateral view
(Huber 2022)
Chelicerae, frontal view
(Huber 2022)
Opisthosoma, lateral view
(Breitling 2020)
Epigyne, ventral view
(Benhadi-Marín et al. 2013)
Epigyne
(Breitling 2020)
Epigyne, ventral view
(Huber 2022)
Epigyne, ventral view
(Huber 2022)
Epigyne, ventral view
(Huber 2022)
Epigyne
(Lecigne et al. 2025)
Vulva, dorsal view
(Huber 2022)
Vulva, dorsal view
(Huber 2022)
Vulva, dorsal view
(Huber 2022)
Vulva, dorsal view
(Huber 2022)
Vulva, dorsal view
(Lecigne et al. 2025)
Opisthosoma, lateral view
(Breitling 2020)
Opisthosoma, ventral view
(Huber 2022)
Opisthosoma, ventral view
(Lecigne et al. 2025)
Habitus, dorsal view
(Lecigne et al. 2025)
Distribution List
References
Benhadi-Marín J, Barrientos J A , Ferrández M A, Henriques S, Morano E (2013) Second annotated list of selected spider families (Arachnida: Araneae) held at the University of León (Spain). Revista Ibérica de Aracnología 22: 71-78 
Benhalima S, Bosmans R (2024) First historical checklist of spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) from Morocco, between 1840–2024. Zootaxa 5555: 407-535
Branco V V, Morano E, Cardoso P (2019) An update to the Iberian spider checklist (Araneae). Zootaxa 4614: 201-254
Breitling R (2020) South European spiders from the Duffey collection in the Manchester Museum (Arachnida: Araneae). Arachnology 18: 333-362
Elkrew H, Hamza A, Ghana S, Shaibi T, Swehli A I, Elmareme H, Ahmad A (2024) Checklist of the spiders (Araneae) of Libya. Pakistan Journal of Life and Social Sciences 22: 19346-19369
Huber B A (2022) Revisions of Holocnemus and Crossopriza: the spotted-leg clade of Smeringopinae (Araneae, Pholcidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 795: 1-241
Isaia M, Tolve M, Pantini P (2025) Araneae.it: 2.0: the new updated version of the digital catalog of the Italian spiders and other arachnids (Arachnida: Araneae, Opiliones, Scorpiones, Pseudoscorpiones, Palpigradi, Solifugae). Fragmenta Entomologica 57: 197-204
Lecigne S, Moutaouakil S, Lips J (2025) Contribution to the knowledge of the spider fauna of Morocco (Arachnida: Araneae) – second note. On new species and new records from caves and miscellaneous terrestrial ecosystems. Journal of the Belgian Arachnological Society 40(1, supplement): 1-184
Mammola S, Pavlek M, Huber B A, Isaia M, Ballarin F, Tolve M, Čupić I, Hesselberg T, Lunghi E, Mouron S, Graco-Roza C, Cardoso P (2022) A trait database and updated checklist for European subterranean spiders. Scientific Data 9(236): 1-13
Wilson R (2012) An American jumper in Leeds, west Yorkshire and an update on non-native taxa recorded in the UK. Newsletter of the British Arachnological Society 123: 10-15
WSC (2026) World Spider Catalog. Version 27. Natural History Museum Bern, online at http://wsc.nmbe.ch (20.5.2026) doi: 10.24436/2
Updates
| 04-06-2025 | Distribution insert | Detail |
| 14-05-2025 | Image insert | |
| 07-04-2025 | Distribution update | Detail |
| 25-02-2022 | Image insert | |
| 23-02-2022 | Distribution insert | Detail |
| 23-02-2022 | Distribution update | Detail |
| 24-07-2020 | Image insert | |
| 28-11-2019 | Distribution update | Detail |
| 05-03-2015 | Image insert | |
| 10-12-2013 | Distribution update | Detail |