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Zoropsidae  Bertkau, 1882 / Zoropsis  Simon, 1878   8 species

Zoropsis spinimana  (Dufour, 1820)

WSC LSID urn:lsid:nmbe.ch:spidersp:020389

Key to genera | Key to species

Description

Male palp with hook-shaped median apophysis. Cymbium dorsally with a field of short, dense bristles. Conductor transparent. Embolus short, blunt. Epigyne with long, narrow, finger-shaped scapus. Prosoma yellow-whitish with extended black pattern. Eye field white. Legs yellowish-grey, annulated with black. Opisthosoma yellow-whitish anteriorly, black pattern medially, grey posteriorly.

Body length male: 10-13 mm
Body length female: 10-19 mm
Additional information

In open woodland, under stones and bark, often synanthropic in and on buildings. Females sit in a brood chamber on the cocoon and apparently do not leave it anymore, egg laying in spring, maturity in autumn, lives one year.

This species can bite humans, usually when they try to catch or remove it with their hands (in urban areas, mainly in buildings). The bite is not very painful and an occasional moderate local swelling disappears within a few hours.

Since a few decades, this species shows some spreading tendencies within Europe. Nevertheless, it shall not be listed as alien or invasive because it is native for Europe.

Distribution
  Presence
  Not established
  No data
Global distribution (WSC 2020): Mediterranean to Russia (Europe), Georgia. Introduced to Central and Western Europe, USA
Phenology
JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
 male  female
one year old
Figures
species

male Pedipalp, ventral view
(Griswold & Ubick 2001)

species

male Pedipalp, ventral view
(Thaler & Knoflach 1998c)

species

male Pedipalp
(Griswold & Ubick 2001)

species

male Pedipalp
(Pesarini unpubl.)

species

male Pedipalp
(Thaler & Knoflach 1998c)

species

male Pedipalp
(Thaler & Knoflach 1998c)

species

female Epigyne
(Griswold & Ubick 2001)

species

female Epigyne
(Pesarini unpubl.)

species

female Epigyne
(Thaler & Knoflach 1998c)

species

female Epigyne
(Nadolny 2016)

species

female Vulva
(Griswold & Ubick 2001)

species

female Vulva
(Thaler & Knoflach 1998c)

species

female Habitus
(Griswold & Ubick 2001)

species

female Habitus
(Murphy & Murphy 2000)

species

female Habitus, dorsal view
(Nadolny 2016)

species

Eyes, dorsal view
(Murphy & Murphy 2000)

species

Spinnerets with cribellum
(Murphy & Murphy 2000)

References

Blagoev G, Deltshev C, Lazarov S, Naumova M (2018) The spiders (Araneae) of Bulgaria. Version: August 2018. National Museum of Natural History, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences. Online at http://www.nmnhs.com/spiders-bulgaria/ (accessed on 10.9.2018)

Bosmans R. (unpubl.) Provisional list of spiders of North Africa. Database excerpt Aug. 2019

Deltshev C, Vrenozi B, Blagoev G, Lazarov S (2011b) Spiders of Albania – faunistic and zoogeographical review (Arachnida: Araneae). Acta Zoologica Bulgarica 63: 125-144

Dolejš P, Prudek M (2019) Zoropsis spinimana in the Czech Republic? Pavouk 46: 5 pdf

Griswold C E, Ubick D (2001) Zoropsidae: a spider family newly introduced to the USA (Araneae, Entelegynae, Lycosoidea). J Arachnol 29: 111-113

Hänggi A, Zürcher I (2013) Zoropsis spinimana – eine mediterrane Spinne ist in Basel (NW-Schweiz) heimisch geworden. Mitt Nat.forsch Ges beider Basel 14: 125-134

Harvey P (2012) Zoropsis spinimana (Dufour, 1820) established indoors in Britain. Newsl Br Arachnol Soc 125: 20-21

Helsdingen P J van (2010a) Araneae. In: Fauna Europaea Database (Version 2010.1), online at www.european-arachnology.org

Helsdingen P J van (2015b) Binnenwandelende exoten. Nieuwsbrief SPINED 35: 33-34

Kostanjšek R, Kuntner M (2015) Araneae Sloveniae: a national spider species checklist. ZooKeys 474: 1-91 pdf

Murphy F, Murphy J (2000) An Introduction to the spiders of South East Asia. Malaysian Nature Society, Kuala Lumpur

Nadolny A A (2016) The first record of Zoropsis spinimana (Aranei, Zoropsidae) in the Crimea. Zoology and Ecology 26: 127-128

Nentwig W, Gnädinger M, Fuchs J, Ceschi A (2013) A two year study of verified spider bites in Switzerland and a review of the European spider bite literature. Toxicon 73: 104-110

Otto S (2019) Caucasian spiders. A faunistic database on the spiders of the Caucasus Ecoregion. Database version 10.2019. Internet: caucasus-spiders.info.

Pantini P, Isaia M (2019) Araneae.it: the online Catalog of Italian spiders, with addenda on other Arachnid Orders occurring in Italy (Arachnida: Araneae, Opiliones, Palpigradi, Pseudoscorpionida, Scorpiones, Solifugae). http://araneae.it. Fragmenta Entomologica 51: 127-152 pdf

Pesarini C (unpubl.)

Pfliegler W A, Schönhofer A, Niedbała W, Vella P, Sciberras A, Vella A (2017) New records of mites (Acari) and harvestmen (Opiliones) from Malta with a preliminary checklist of Maltese Arachnida. Soil Organisms 89: 85-110 pdf

Szinetár C, Török T, Szűts T (2014) Zoropsis spinimana, mint új épületlakó pókfaj magyarországon [Zoropsis spinimana (Dufour, 1820) new synantrop spider species in Hungary]. A Nyme Savaria Egyetemi Központ Tudományos Közleményei XX. Természettudományok 15: 105-113

Thaler K, Knoflach B (1998c) Zoropsis spinimana (Dufour), eine für Österreich neue Adventivart (Araneae, Zoropsidae). Ber Nat - Med Ver Innsbruck 85: 173-185

World Spider Catalog (2019) World Spider Catalog, version 20.5. Natural History Museum Bern, online at http://wsc.nmbe.ch (20.09.2019) doi: 10.24436/2

Updates
21-10-2019 Distribution update Old value
09-03-2018 Distribution update Old value
17-01-2017 Image insert
06-12-2016 Datasheet update Old value
06-12-2016 Distribution update Old value
22-12-2015 Distribution update Old value
04-12-2013 Distribution update Old value
26-11-2013 Datasheet update Old value