Trochosa ruricola (De Geer, 1778)
Description
Embolus with bent tip. Epigyne with separated chitinised arcs on anterior margin of epigynal groove. Prosoma with bright, yellowish median band and dark lateral bands, 2 dark, longish oval stripes in anterior half of bright median band. Chelicerae male: fang mostly with hump on ventral side. Femur weakly annulated. Metatarsus and tarsus with very short, equally long hairs. Tibia never with white hairs and hairy spots. Opisthosoma olive-brown, cardiac mark light yellow.
Body length male: 7-9.5 mmBody length female: 8-14 mm
Additional information
in open habitats of middle humidity, active during the night
Distribution
Phenology
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
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Figures
Pedipalp, ventral view
(Fuhn & Niculescu-Burlacu 1971)
Pedipalp
(Locket & Millidge 1951)
Pedipalp
(Fuhn & Niculescu-Burlacu 1971)
Pedipalp
(Roberts 1995)
Pedipalp
(Roberts 1998)
Pedipalp
(Loksa 1972)
Pedipalp
(Wiebes 1959)
Pedipalp, retrolateral view
(Løvbrekke unpubl.)
Pedipalp, ventral view
(Løvbrekke unpubl.)
Embolus
(Løvbrekke unpubl.)
Median apophysis
(Locket & Millidge 1951)
Median apophysis, apical view
(Otto & Japoshvili 2018)
Chelicerae, ventral view
(Locket & Millidge 1951)
Leg I, lateral view
(Marusik & Nadolny 2020)
Epigyne
(Locket & Millidge 1951)
Epigyne
(Roberts 1995)
Epigyne
(Fuhn & Niculescu-Burlacu 1971)
Epigyne
(Roberts 1995)
Epigyne
(Loksa 1972)
Epigyne, ventral view
(Løvbrekke unpubl.)
Epigyne, ventral view
(Løvbrekke unpubl.)
Vulva
(Fuhn & Niculescu-Burlacu 1971)
Vulva
(Loksa 1972)
Vulva
(Wiebes 1959)
Vulva
(Wiebes 1959)
Vulva, dorsal view
(Løvbrekke unpubl.)
Prosoma, frontal view
(Zyuzin 1985)
Leg I
(Otto & Japoshvili 2018)
Leg I
(Otto & Japoshvili 2018)
Habitus
(Loksa 1972)
Chelicerae, frontal view
(Fuhn & Niculescu-Burlacu 1971)
Chelicerae, ventral view
(Loksa 1972)
Chelicerae, ventral view
(Wiebes 1959)
Tarsus
(Thaler & Noflatscher 1990)
Habitus
(Fuhn & Niculescu-Burlacu 1971)
Distribution List
References
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Løvbrekke H (unpubl.)
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Otto S, Japoshvili G (2018) The spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) of the Lagodekhi Reserve, Georgia: faunistic results of a transect study and an updated checklist. Arachnology 17: 375-391
Pantini P, Isaia M (2019) Araneae.it: the online catalog of Italian spiders, with addenda on other arachnid orders occurring in Italy (Arachnida: Araneae, Opiliones, Palpigradi, Pseudoscorpionida, Scorpiones, Solifugae). Fragmenta Entomologica 51: 127-152
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Roberts M J (1995) Collins Field Guide: Spiders of Britain & Northern Europe. HarperCollins, London, 383 pp.
Roberts M J (1998) Spinnengids. Tirion, Baarn, Netherlands, 397 pp.
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Wiebes J T (1959) The Lycosidae and Pisauridae (Araneae) of the Netherlands. Zoologische Verhandelingen 42: 1-78
WSC (2022) World Spider Catalog. Version 23.0. Natural History Museum Bern, online at http://wsc.nmbe.ch (21.01.2022) doi: 10.24436/2
Zyuzin A A (1985) Generic and subfamilial criteria in the systematics of the spider family Lycosidae (Aranei), with the description of a new genus and two new subfamilies. Trudy Zoologicheskogo Instituta Akademii Nauk SSSR, Leningrad 139: 40-51