Trochosa ruricola (De Geer, 1778)
Description
Embolus with bent tip. Epigyne with separated chitinised arcs on anterior margin of epigynal groove. Prosoma with bright, yellowish median band and dark lateral bands, 2 dark, longish oval stripes in anterior half of bright median band. Chelicerae male: fang mostly with hump on ventral side. Femur weakly annulated. Metatarsus and tarsus with very short, equally long hairs. Tibia never with white hairs and hairy spots. Opisthosoma olive-brown, cardiac mark light yellow.
Body length male: 7-9.5 mmBody length female: 8-14 mm
Additional information
in open habitats of middle humidity, active during the night
Distribution
Phenology
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
 |  |
Figures
Pedipalp, ventral view
(Fuhn & Niculescu-Burlacu 1971)
Pedipalp
(Locket & Millidge 1951)
Pedipalp
(Fuhn & Niculescu-Burlacu 1971)
Pedipalp
(Roberts 1995)
Pedipalp
(Roberts 1998)
Pedipalp
(Loksa 1972)
Pedipalp
(Wiebes 1959)
Pedipalp, retrolateral view
(Løvbrekke unpubl.)
Pedipalp, ventral view
(Løvbrekke unpubl.)
Embolus
(Løvbrekke unpubl.)
Median apophysis
(Locket & Millidge 1951)
Median apophysis, apical view
(Otto & Japoshvili 2018)
Chelicerae, ventral view
(Locket & Millidge 1951)
Leg I, lateral view
(Marusik & Nadolny 2020)
Epigyne
(Locket & Millidge 1951)
Epigyne
(Roberts 1995)
Epigyne
(Fuhn & Niculescu-Burlacu 1971)
Epigyne
(Roberts 1995)
Epigyne
(Loksa 1972)
Epigyne, ventral view
(Løvbrekke unpubl.)
Epigyne, ventral view
(Løvbrekke unpubl.)
Vulva
(Fuhn & Niculescu-Burlacu 1971)
Vulva
(Loksa 1972)
Vulva
(Wiebes 1959)
Vulva
(Wiebes 1959)
Vulva, dorsal view
(Løvbrekke unpubl.)
Prosoma, frontal view
(Zyuzin 1985)
Leg I
(Otto & Japoshvili 2018)
Leg I
(Otto & Japoshvili 2018)
Habitus
(Loksa 1972)
Chelicerae, frontal view
(Fuhn & Niculescu-Burlacu 1971)
Chelicerae, ventral view
(Loksa 1972)
Chelicerae, ventral view
(Wiebes 1959)
Tarsus
(Thaler & Noflatscher 1990)
Habitus
(Fuhn & Niculescu-Burlacu 1971)
Distribution List
References
Aakra K, Hauge E (2003) Checklist of Norwegian spiders (Arachnida: Araneae), including Svalbard and Jan Mayen. Norwegian Journal of Entomology 50: 109-129 
Blagoev G, Deltshev C, Lazarov S, Naumova M (2018) The spiders (Araneae) of Bulgaria. Version: August 2018. National Museum of Natural History, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences. Online at http://www.nmnhs.com/spiders-bulgaria/ (accessed on 10.9.2018)
Branco V V, Morano E, Cardoso P (2019) An update to the Iberian spider checklist (Araneae). [N.B.: few records from this paper are not taken over and not commented] Zootaxa 4614: 201-254
Cera I (2018) The checklist of Latvian spiders (Arachnida: Araneae). Environmental and Experimental Biology 16: 139-152
Danışman T, Kunt K B, Özkütük R S (2019) The checklist of the spiders of Turkey. Version 2019 [last updated 1 June 2019], online at http://www.spidersofturkey.info
Deltshev C, Vrenozi B, Blagoev G, Lazarov S (2011b) Spiders of Albania – faunistic and zoogeographical review (Arachnida: Araneae). Acta Zoologica Bulgarica 63: 125-144
Fuhn I E, Niculescu-Burlacu F (1971) Fam. Lycosidae. Fauna Republicii Socialiste România (Arachnida) 5 (3): 1-253
Ivanov V V (2013) The checklist of Belarusian spiders (Arachnida, Araneae). Zoology and Ecology 4: 293-311
Koponen S, Fritzén N R, Pajunen T (2016) Checklist of spiders in Finland (Araneae). 6th version, December 2016, online at http://biolcoll.utu.fi/arach/checklist_of_spiders_in_Finland.htm
Kostanjšek R, Kuntner M (2015) Araneae Sloveniae: a national spider species checklist. ZooKeys 474: 1-91
Kreuels M, Staudt A, Christian S (2019) Die Spinnenfauna von Luxemburg – eine Zusammenstellung der Nachweise aus den Jahren 1906-2018 (Arachnida: Araneae). Bulletin de la Société des naturalistes luxembourgeois 121: 203-230
Kronestedt T (2001) Checklist of Spiders (Araneae) in Sweden [Preliminary version February 2001]
Locket G H, Millidge A F (1951) British spiders. Vol. I. Ray Society, London, 310 pp.
Loksa I (1972) Pokok II-Araneae II. Fauna Hungariae 109: 1-112
Løvbrekke H (unpubl.)
Marusik A M, Nadolny A A (2020) On the identity of Trochosa hispanica (Araneae, Lycosidae), with notes on the synonymy of West Palaearctic "Trochosa" species. Zootaxa 4859: 56-80
Otto S (2020) Caucasian spiders. A faunistic database on the spiders of the Caucasus Ecoregion. Database version 03.2020. Internet: caucasus-spiders.info.
Otto S, Japoshvili G (2018) The spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) of the Lagodekhi Reserve, Georgia: faunistic results of a transect study and an updated checklist. Arachnology 17: 375-391
Pantini P, Isaia M (2019) Araneae.it: the online catalog of Italian spiders, with addenda on other arachnid orders occurring in Italy (Arachnida: Araneae, Opiliones, Palpigradi, Pseudoscorpionida, Scorpiones, Solifugae). http://araneae.it. Fragmenta Entomologica 51: 127-152
Polchaninova N, Prokopenko E (2019) An updated checklist of spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) of Left-Bank Ukraine. Arachnologische Mitteilungen 57: 60-64 & App
Roberts M J (1995) Collins Field Guide: Spiders of Britain & Northern Europe. HarperCollins, London, 383 pp.
Roberts M J (1998) Spinnengids. Tirion, Baarn, Netherlands, 397 pp.
Samu F, Szinetár C (1999) Bibliographic check list of the Hungarian spider fauna. Bulletin of the British Arachnological Society 11: 161-184
Thaler K, Noflatscher M-T (1990) Neue und bemerkenswerte Spinnenfunde in Südtirol (Arachnida: Aranei). Veröffentlichungen des Museum Ferdinandeum in Innsbruck 69: 169-190
Wiebes J T (1959) The Lycosidae and Pisauridae (Araneae) of the Netherlands. Zoologische Verhandelingen 42: 1-78
WSC (2021) World Spider Catalog. Version 21.5. Natural History Museum Bern, online at http://wsc.nmbe.ch (03.01.2021) doi: 10.24436/2
Zyuzin A A (1985) Generic and subfamilial criteria in the systematics of the spider family Lycosidae (Aranei), with the description of a new genus and two new subfamilies. Trudy Zoologicheskogo Instituta Akademii Nauk SSSR, Leningrad 139: 40-51